Essential Oils Composition of Croton Species from the Amazon

Abstract

The essential oils of leaves and twigs from the Euphorbiaceous Croton draconoides, C. urucurana and Julocroton triqueter were obtained and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. In total, 101 volatile constituents were identified, comprising an average of 90% of the oil, mostly made up of mono-and sesquiterpenes. The monoterpene hydrocarbons varied from 1.2 to 40.2%, the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons from 34.0 to 49.6% and the oxygenated sesquiterpenes from 11.5 to 51.3%. The main compounds found in the oil of C. draconoides were β-pinene (16.9%), α-pinene (16.5%), curzerene (12.8%), germacrene D (9.0%), γ-elemene (4.7%), and elemol (4.4%). The oil of C. urucurana showed sesquicineole (23.0%), dehydro-sesquicineole (13.8%), β-caryophyllene (7.9%), β-bisabolol (5.0%), germacrene D (4.2%) and β-elemene (4.1%) as the chief compounds. The oil of J. triqueter was dominated by β-caryophyllene (16.3%), β-phellandrene (10.2%), spathulenol (5.1%), caryophyllene oxide (5.0%), δ-cadinene (4.3%), (E)-nerolidol (4.3%), and α-copaene (4.1%).

Functional expression of a putative geraniol 8-hydroxylase by reconstitution of bacterially expressed plant CYP76F45 and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase CPR I from Croton stellatopilosus Ohba

“…active in hydroxylating sesquiterpenes santalene and bergamotene. This group of oxygenated-C15 compounds has been recently reported to be present as essential oil constituents in some Croton species (Turiel et al, 2013). However, our thorough analysis by GC-MS of the essential oil constituents in C. stellatopilosus leaves did not lead to the identification of any similar oxygenated-C15 compounds and thus does not support this possibility of FOH hydroxylation.…”

Chemical Profile of the Volatile Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils from Croton adipatus, Croton thurifer, and Croton collinus

“…Moreno et al reported in C. heterocalyx leaves, β-elemene (8.2%), germacrene D (12.5%) [ 19 ] and De Araújo reported C. rhamnifolius stems (17.28%) [ 26 ]. On the other hand, Dai et al in C. cascarilloides (6.0%) [ 27 ] and Turiel et al in C. draconoides (9.0%) [ 28 ].…”

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“…This essential oil is totally different from the oils of C. zehntneri (Giuliane et al, 2017), for its richness in (E)anethol (88.5%), of C. zambesicus (Sakina et al, 2016), for its specific richness in aromatic monoterpene (cymene at 13.80%) and oxygenated (1.8 cineole at 27.07%) and l'α-terpineol at 6.87%) and of C. hirtus, C. urucurana, C. isabelli, C. argyrophylloides, C. jacobinensis for their specific richness in sesquiterpenic compounds (Turiel et al, 2013;Daouda, 2015;Giuliane et al, 2017;De Souza et al, 2017).…”

“…The chemical composition of the essential oils of other Croton-type species of various origins has already been carried out and the major constituents of its various tree species have been identified: β-caryophyllene (16.7%), germacrene D (14.7%) and borneol (8.3%) of C. bonplandianus (Joshi et al, 2014), (E)-caryophyllene (31.75%), germacrene-D (22.57%) and α-humulène (7.42%) of C. hirtus (Turiel et al, 2013), β-pinene (16.9%), α-pinene (16.5%), curzerene (12.8%) and germacrene D (9.0%) of C. draconoides (Daouda. 2015), sesquicineole (23.0%), dehydro-sesquicineole (13.8%), β-caryophyllene (7.9%), β-bisabolol (5.0%), germacrene D (4.2%) and β-elemene (4.1%) of C. urucurana (Daouda.…”