Essential Oils Biofilm Modulation Activity and Machine Learning Analysis on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Abstract

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is often involved in airway infections of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. It persists in the hostile CF lung environment, inducing chronic infections due to the production of several virulence factors. In this regard, the ability to form a biofilm plays a pivotal role in CF airway colonization by P. aeruginosa. Bacterial virulence mitigation and bacterial cell adhesion hampering and/or biofilm reduced formation could represent a major target for the development of new therapeutic treatments for infection control. Essential oils (EOs) are being considered as a potential alternative in clinical settings for the prevention, treatment, and control of infections sustained by microbial biofilms. EOs are complex mixtures of different classes of organic compounds, usually used for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in traditional medicine. Recently, a wide series of EOs were investigated for their ability to modulate biofilm production by different pathogens comprising S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. aeruginosa strains. Machine learning (ML) algorithms were applied to develop classification models in order to suggest a possible antibiofilm action for each chemical component of the studied EOs. In the present study, we assessed the biofilm growth modulation exerted by 61 commercial EOs on a selected number of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from CF patients. Furthermore, ML has been used to shed light on the EO chemical components likely responsible for the positive or negative modulation of bacterial biofilm formation.

Pinus mugo Essential Oil Impairs STAT3 Activation through Oxidative Stress and Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

“…Pinus mugo EO was subjected to gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analysis to characterize its composition as previously described [ 56 ]. Briefly, the GC oven program was as follows: isothermal at 60 °C for 5 min, then ramped to 220 °C at a rate of 6 °C min −1 and finally isothermal at 220 °C for 20 min.…”

Serratiopeptidase Affects the Physiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patients

“…The biofilm content was quantified by a microtiter plate (MTP) biofilm assay [ 38 ]. A total of 0.5 OD 600 nm of bacterial suspension in the exponential growth phase was 1:100 diluted into the wells of a sterile 96-well polystyrene flat base plate prefilled with BHI medium in the presence and in the absence of SPEP, as previously reported [ 23 ].…”

Anti-Virulence Potential of a Chionodracine-Derived Peptide against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patients

“…The biofilm content was quantified by the microtiter plate (MTP) biofilm assay [ 4 ]. An overnight bacterial suspension was 1:100 diluted into the wells of a sterile 96-well polystyrene flat base plate prefilled with medium in the presence and absence of KHS-Cnd at sub-MIC concentrations.…”

“…Within the ESKAPE pathogens, the versatile opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa , responsible for both acute and chronic infections, is included. It causes health care-associated infections correlated with high morbidity and mortality in individuals affected by pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or cystic fibrosis (CF) [ 4 ]. The genetic disease CF is caused by a variety of mutations in the gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein responsible for ion transport across the cellular membrane.…”