Essential oils as spatial repellents for the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Abstract

The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (St al), native to Northeastern Asia, is a serious invasive pest in the United States, Canada, Switzerland, Germany and France. Several common essential oils and their compositions were tested against BMSBs as potential repellents. All the tested individual essential oils and a ternary oil blend showed significant repellency to both BMSB nymphs and adults. Clove oil, lemongrass oil, spearmint oil, ylang-ylang oil, and the ternary oil mixture (clove, lemongrass and spearmint) almost completely blocked attraction of BMSBs to the stink bug attractant-baited traps; whereas wintergreen oil, geranium oil, pennyroyal oil and rosemary oil resulted in 60-85% trap catch reductions. Over 20 BMSB antennally active compounds were identified from SPME headspace samples of the eight repellent essential oils using GC-EAD and GC-MS techniques. Among the synthetic EAD-active compounds tested in the field, eugenol, l-carvone, p/l-menthone, pulegone, methyl salicylate, trans/cis-citral, methyl benzoate and b-caryophyllene significantly reduced trap catches of BMSBs by 72-99%; these compounds are likely responsible for the repellency of their corresponding essential oils. Surprisingly, a synthetic mixture of the predacious spined soldier bug (SSB) [Podisus maculiventris (Say)] aggregation pheromone (trans-2-hexenal, a-terpineol and benzyl alcohol) also showed a significant inhibition of BMSB response to its attractants. These repellent essential oils and their active compounds, as well as the synthetic SSB pheromone, are potentially useful as part of an efficient, environmentally sound semiochemical-based IPM programme to combat this serious invasive stink bug.

Behavioural response of the invasive Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to host plant stimuli augmented with semiochemicals in the field

“…A study reported by Zhang et al . () evaluated various essential oils as repellents for H. halys and found that the most inhibitory mixtures were clove, lemongrass and spearmint oil, in addition to a ternary blend of those oils, which almost completely blocked attraction to pheromone‐baited traps. The compounds most likely responsible for the reduction in attraction were eugenol, l ‐carvone, methyl salicylate, methyl benzoate and β‐caryophyllene, amongst others (Zhang et al ., ).…”

Methyl salicylate and trans‐anethole affect the pheromonal activity of homofarnesal, the female sex pheromone of azuki bean beetle

“…) and stink bugs Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Zhang et al . ), among others, in which the effects in insects are modulated primarily by odorant receptors (Bohbot & Dickens ). However, the effects on Ph‐ORNs by the tested components are expected to be clarified by further studies.…”

“…Previous reports have been published on the effects of plant components on the pheromone attractiveness of many field pests, including moth species Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Deisig et al 2012;Renou et al 2015), Spodoptera spp. (Guerrero et al 2014), S. littoralis (Rouyar et al 2011;Hatano et al 2015;Renou et al 2015), Heliothis virescens (Fabricious) (Badeke et al 2016) and stink bugs Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Zhang et al 2014), among others, in which the effects in insects are modulated primarily by odorant receptors (Bohbot & Dickens 2012). However, the effects on Ph-ORNs by the tested components are expected to be clarified by further studies.…”

Current status of research progress on the biology and management of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) as an invasive species

“…This highlights how essential it is to establish the distance of attraction of H. halys by pheromones, so that the location and number of traps can be properly adjusted depending on the configuration and size of crop fields. Zhang et al (2014) identified repellent essential oils and their active compounds for H. halys including eugenol, l-carvone, p/l-menthone, pulegone, methyl salicylate, trans/cis-citral, methyl benzoate, and β-caryophyllene.…”

“…Semiochemicals have been examined for their potential as management tools for H. halys (Khriman et al 2014;Sargent et al 2014;Weber et al 2014;Zhang et al 2014). In particular, identification of the aggregation pheromone of H. halys and its synergistic effects with methyl (2E,4E,6Z)-decatrienoate offers new opportunities for management of this invasive pest (Khriman et al 2014;Weber et al 2014).…”