Essential oils and their binary combinations have synergistic and antagonistic insecticidal properties against Anopheles gambiae s. l. (Diptera: Culicidae)

The massive and inappropriate use of synthetic insecticides is causing significant and increasing environmental disruption. Therefore, developing effective natural mosquitocidal compounds could be an alternative tool for malarial vector control. The present study investigates the larvicidal and adulticidal effect of methanol and acetone extracts of leaves from Lippia chevalieri, Lippia multiflora, Cymbopogon schoenanthus, and Lantana camara against Anopheles arabiensis, to control the most widespread vector transmitting malaria in sub-Saharan. Africa. Extracts were evaluated following WHO modified test procedure against third- to fourth-instar larvae and, non-blood-fed females from 3- to 5-day-old field populations of An. arabiensis under laboratory conditions using WHO larval and CDC bottle bioassays, respectively. Mortality was recorded after 24-h exposure and several compounds were identified in the extracts. The methanolic and acetonic extracts of L. camara were effective against larvae showing lethal concentrations to 50% (LC50) of the population, at 89.48 and 58.72 ppm, respectively. The acetonic extracts of C. schoenanthus and L. chevalieri showed higher toxicities LC50s of 0.16% and 0.22% against female adults, respectively. The methanolic extracts of L. multiflora and L. chevalieri LC50s were effective at 0.17% and 0.27%, respectively, against female adults. These results indicate that the plant extracts tested may represent effective means to control An. arabiensis when used to treat the surface of the marshes.

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“…gambiae s.l. (Akono et al 2022, Wangrawa et al 2022). The ethanol and acetone extracts of these plants have biocidal effects against An.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanol and acetone extracts from the leaves of selected aromatic plants affect survival of field collected Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) from Kisumu, Kenya

Wangrawa

Yameogo

Sombié

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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“…Earlier studies had shown that some compounds in EOs could interact to create a synergistic or antagonistic effect according to the ratios of the different EOs in the combination 51 , 52 . In addition, the appearance of new compounds in the combination of some EOs that do not exist in individual EOs 20 , 53 could explain the synergistic effect of C9 combinations. Further studies will evaluate this combination on a large wild Anopheles population to assess the phenotypic data as well as determination of their components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the appearance of new compounds in the combination of some EOs that do not exist in individual EOs 20,53 could explain the synergistic effect of C9 combinations. Further studies will evaluate this combination on a large wild Anopheles population to assess the phenotypic data as well as determination of their components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Essential oils of plants and their combinations as an alternative adulticides against Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) populations

Balboné¹,

Sawadogo

Soma

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The persistence of malaria and the increasing of resistance of Anopheles gambiae species to chemicals remain major public health concerns in sub-Saharan Africa. Faced to these concerns, the search for alternative vector control strategies as use of essential oils (EOs) need to be implemented. Here, the five EOs from Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Lippia multiflora, Ocimum americanum obtained by hydro distillation were tested according to World Health Organization procedures on An. gambiae “Kisumu” and field strains collected in “Vallée du Kou”. Also, the binary combinations of C. nardus (Cn) and O. americanum (Oa) were examined. As results, among the EOs tested, L. multiflora was the most efficient on both An. gambiae strains regarding KDT50 (50% of mosquitoes knock down time) and KDT95 and rate of morality values. Our current study showed that C8 (Cn 80%: Oa 20%) and C9 (Cn 90%: Oa 10%), were the most toxic to An. gambiae strain “Vallée de Kou” (VK) with the mortality rates reaching 80.7 and 100% at 1% concentration, respectively. These two binary combinations shown a synergistic effect on the susceptible population. However, only C9 gave a synergistic effect on VK population. The bioactivity of the two EOs, C. nardus and O. americanum, was improved by the combinations at certain proportions. The resistance ratios of all EOs and of the combinations were low (< 5). The combinations of C. nardus and O. americanum EOs at 90: 10 ratio and to a lesser extent L. multiflora EO, could be used as alternative bio-insecticides against malaria vectors resistant to pyrethroids in vector control programmes.

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“…Lippia multifora (Verbenaceae) and O. americanum (Lamiaceae) EOs contain diverse compounds showing potent larvicidal activity inhibiting larval growth and adult emergence [26]. Tese plants are used as insect repellents in Burkina Faso and are known for their insecticidal efects against other insects [27,28]. Te terpene compounds in these EOs inhibit larval and pupae developmental stages [19,25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Essential Oils Compounds of Lippia multiflora Moldenke and Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng Repel and Affect the Survival of the Maize Pest Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae

Wangrawa,

Waongo,

Traore

et al. 2024

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Plant-derived insecticides, such as essential oils, can be an effective alternative to replace synthetic chemical insecticides against Spodoptera frugiperda, which becomes increasingly resistant to synthetic products. This study aims to evaluate essential oils (EOs) effects on larval growth and development following feeding inhibition, growth regulation, and repellency of EOs of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae), Cymbopogon schoenanthus (Poaceae), and their combination. Topical application of EOs was used on S. frugiperda larvae for larvicidal effect or treating filter paper with the EOs to find repellency. The effect of EOs on food intake and larval growth was also evaluated. Several types of compounds have been identified in the EOs, mainly monoterpenes with the appearance of new compounds in the 1 : 1 combination. Bioassay results show that individuals and combinations of EOs significantly influenced S. frugiperda larval development. L. multiflora caused 100% mortality of L2 larvae within 24 hours at 3%. The Lm + Cs (1 : 1) EOs combination was the most effective with LC50 and LC90 of 1.02% and 1.92%, respectively. Lm + Cs (1/4 : 3/4) EOs caused the highest inhibition of food consumption, 0.0160 g consumed after food was treated with 2.2% concentration compared to food consumption of 0.0602 g for the control group at 24 hours. Lower food consumption caused the inhibition of larval growth and weight loss of 0.0005 g/day at the 2.2% EOs concentration. The highest repellency effect of the EOs was found in EOs of L. multiflora, exhibiting a repulsion of 83.33% of the larvae after 3 hours of exposure. This diversity in the biological actions of the EOs tested on S. frugiperda represents valuable options for contributing to integrated pest management and an alternative to synthetic chemical insecticides.

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Essential oils and their binary combinations have synergistic and antagonistic insecticidal properties against Anopheles gambiae s. l. (Diptera: Culicidae)

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Methanol and acetone extracts from the leaves of selected aromatic plants affect survival of field collected Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) from Kisumu, Kenya

Methanol and acetone extracts from the leaves of selected aromatic plants affect survival of field collected Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) from Kisumu, Kenya

Essential oils of plants and their combinations as an alternative adulticides against Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) populations

The Essential Oils Compounds of Lippia multiflora Moldenke and Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng Repel and Affect the Survival of the Maize Pest Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae

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