Essential Oil of Cymbopogon Citratus Grown in Umuahia: A Viable Candidate for Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Therapy

Abstract

The essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus (EOCC) has found use in medicine, food and chemical industry. This study attempts to provide evidence of its suitability for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapy. Total phenol and total flavonoid of EOCC was 49.83±0.39mg GAE/g of extract and 352.82±3.45 µg QEC/g of extract respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of its essential oil (EOCC) showed 25 peaks with myrcenyl acetate (9.703%), caryophyllene (8.997%), citronella (6.383%) been the most abundant. The in vitro anti-inflammatory assay using human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization shows that at 200µg/mL, the percentage inhibition of EOCC was significantly higher compared to diclofenac both for heat-induced and hypotonic induced haemolysis. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays showed a comparable and dose-dependent increase from 50 to 400 μg/mL in relation to vitamin C. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of EOCC (73.16±12.89 μg/mL and 656.01±0.01 μmol Fe (II)/L) was remarkably higher compared to that of vitamin C (69.09±4.52 μg/mL and 246.79±0.01 μmol Fe (II)/L) both for DPPH and FRAP assays respectively. In conclusion, results from this study establish preliminary evidence on the therapeutic potential of EOCC in managing inflammation and oxidative stress caused by free radicals.

Phytochemistry, Mineral Estimation, Nutritional, and the In Vitro Anti-Sickling Potentials of Oil Extracted from the Seeds of Mucuna Flagellipes

“…Mass spectra were taken at 70 eV; a scan interval of 0.5 s and fragments from 40 to 550 Da. Total GC running time was 22 min and the compounds were identified by direct comparison of the retention times (RT) and mass fragmentation pattern with those from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Library [23][24].…”

GC-MS Characterization, in vitro Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Essential Oil from the Leaves of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis

“…The mass spectrometer operated in the electron ionization mode at 70 eV and electron multiplier voltage at 1859 V. Other MS operating parameters were as follows: ion source temperature 230 °C, quadrupole temperature 150 °C, solvent delay 4 min and scan range 50-700 m/z values. Total GC running time was 32 min, and the compounds were identified by direct comparison of the retention times (RT) and mass fragmentation pattern with those from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library [25], and by comparing the retention indices (RI exp) of components with those available in literature (RI lit).…”

“…The free radical scavenging activity of the essential oil from leaves of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis was investigated by the DPPH assay [26]. The extract at concentrations (25,50,100,200 and 400) µg/mL each was mixed with 1 mL of 0.5 mM DPPH (in methanol) in a cuvette. The absorbance (517 nm) was taken after 30 min of incubation in the dark at room temperature.…”

Antioxidant capacity and cytotoxic effects of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf and Azadirachta indica L.

“…It is common in maritime South Asia and Southeast Asia (SHAH et al, 2011;TIBENDA et al, 2022). C. citratus referred to as fever grass, is commonly used to make teas (TOUNGOS, 2019;ONYEDIKACHI et al, 2021), because it has many health benefits such as antimalarial, antimicrobial effects (KHAN, 2020; TIBENDA et al, 2022) and hepatoprotective effects in rats (ARHOGHRO et al, 2012). It contains sugars, tannins, alkaloids and phenolics such as flavonoids.…”