Essential Oil Composition ofPinus peuceGriseb. Needles and Twigs from Two National Parks of Kosovo

Abstract

The principal aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and qualitative and quantitative variability of essential oils obtained from seven naturally grown populations of the Pinus peuce Grisebach, Pinaceae in Kosovo. Plant materials were collected from three populations in the Sharri National Park and from four other populations in the Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park, in Kosovo. Essential oils were obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by GC-FID (Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). The results showed that the yield of essential oils (v/w dry weight) varied depending on the origin of population and the plant organs and ranged from 0.7 to 3.3%. In total, 51 compounds were identified. The main compounds were α-pinene (needles: 21.6–34.9%; twigs: 11.0–24%), β-phellandrene (needles: 4.1–27.7; twigs: 29.0–49.8%), and β-pinene (needles: 10.0–16.1; twigs: 6.9–20.7%). HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) and PCA (Principal Component Analyses) were used to assess geographical variations in essential oil composition. Statistical analysis showed that the analyzed populations are grouped in three main clusters which seem to reflect microclimatic conditions on the chemical composition of the essential oils.

Chemical composition and synergistic effect of three Moroccan lavender EOs with ciprofloxacin against foodborne bacteria: a promising approach to modulate antimicrobial resistance

“…This variability in the chemical composition of EOs may be related to the time of harvesting and season, geographical origin, plant growth conditions (soil, nutrients and lights) as well as genetic traits (Hajdari et al . 2016; Elhidar et al . 2019).…”

Variations in Essential Oil Compositions of Lavandula pubescens (Lamiaceae) Aerial Parts Growing Wild in Yemen

“…Recently, principal component analysis (PCA) has been shown to be an important multivariate statistical method that can be applied to differentiation of chemical composition of essential oils among individuals from different populations . PCA analysis of the L .…”

Pinus Species as Prospective Reserves of Bioactive Compounds with Potential Use in Functional Food—Current State of Knowledge

“…Their concentrations vary depending on the plant variety, crop, distillation method and part of the plant ( Table 5 ). The following compounds are found in the greatest quantity: α-pinene, β-pinene, β-phellandrene, β-caryophyllene, camphene, α-terpineol, germacrene D, bornyl acetate, citronellol, β-caryophyllene and tricyclene [ 82 , 83 , 84 ]. Alpha-pinene (α-pinene) and beta-pinene (β-pinene) belong to bicyclic monoterpenes, commonly found in various species of pine trees of the genus Pinus [ 85 ].…”

“…Many of the secondary metabolites of trees adopt a protective function against predators and pathogenic microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of extracts, oils and resins from trees of the Pinus genus may be related to various organic compounds, such as alkaloids, phenols and terpenes ( Table 4 and Table 5 ) [ 82 , 134 ]. The discovery of biological effects of the Pinus spp.…”