Essential‐Oil Composition of Daucus carota ssp. major (Pastinocello Carrot) and Nine Different Commercial Varieties of Daucus carota ssp. sativus Fruits

Abstract

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the pastinocello carrot, Daucus carota ssp. major (Vis.) Arcang. (flowers and achenes), and from nine different commercial varieties of D. carota L. ssp. sativus (achenes) was investigated by GC/MS analyses. Selective breeding over centuries of a naturally occurring subspecies of the wild carrot, D. carota L. ssp. sativus, has produced the common garden vegetable with reduced bitterness, increased sweetness, and minimized woody core. On the other hand, the cultivation of the pastinocello carrot has been abandoned, even if, recently, there has been renewed interest in the development of this species, which risks genetic erosion. The cultivated carrot (D. carota ssp. sativus) and the pastinocello carrot (D. carota ssp. major) were classified as different subspecies of the same species. This close relationship between the two subspecies urged us to compare the chemical composition of their essential oils, to evaluate the differences. The main essential-oil constituents isolated from the pastinocello fruits were geranyl acetate (34.2%), α-pinene (12.9%), geraniol (6.9%), myrcene (4.7%), epi-α-bisabolol (4.5%), sabinene (3.3%), and limonene (3.0%). The fruit essential oils of the nine commercial varieties of D. carota ssp. sativus were very different from that of pastinocello, as also confirmed by multivariate statistical analyses.

Comparison of essential oil composition and phenolic acid content of selected Salvia species measured by GC–MS and HPLC methods

“…This approach is commonly used to reduce multiple variables to two or three new ones while retaining most the information of samples (Flamini et al, 2014).…”

Essential oils in seeds of Daucus spp.: Insights into the development of potential new cultivars

“…Statistical methods, cluster analysis and PCA, were applied in our work to study variation in the chemical composition of essential oils and the possible relations among species and subspecies (Andrade et al, 2011;Elaissi et al, 2012;Flamini et al, 2014;Zouari et al, 2012). Cluster analysis was performed on current essential oils data and was also performed using isozyme data produced earlier in our labs (Al-Safadi, 2008).…”

The study of volatile fractions of carrot raw material of “Bright” and “Nantes Kharkiv” varieties

“…major. Встановлено, що основними компонентами даної олії були герані-лацетат (34,2 %), α-пінен (12,9 %), гераніол (6,9 %), мірцен (4,7 %), епі-α-бісаболол (4,5 %), сабінен (3,3 %) та лімонен (3,0 %) [7].…”

“…major. Встановлено, що основними компонентами даної олії були герані-лацетат (34,2 %), α-пінен (12,9 %), гераніол (6,9 %), мірцен (4,7 %), епі-α-бісаболол (4,5 %), сабінен (3,3 %) та лімонен (3,0 %) [7].Єгипетськими вченими досліджені ефірні олії плодів моркви посівної жовтих та червоних сортів. Ефірна олія червоних сортів в порівнянні з жовтими містить більшу кількість монотерпеноїдів, а сесквіте-рпеноїди, навпаки, накопичуються в більшій кількос-ті в жовтих сортах.…”