Fullerene derivatives exhibit many interesting structural, electronic, and chemical properties, largely determined by the carbon cage's ability to accept electrons. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy is a very sensitive and important technique to detect open shell species and to determine HOMO and LUMO density distributions. Here we present a short overview of the most significant and informative reports of electron spin resonance studies of empty and endohedral fullerenes, classified on the basis of the entrapped moiety, cage size symmetry, and on the techniques used to generate the paramagnetic states. N@C 61 (COOEt) 2 (a) in solution and (b) in the form of a powder at ambient temperature (c) simulation.Figure 6. Molecular switch based on a covalently linked N@C 60 -porphyrin dyad controlled by metalation/demetalation. Reproduced with permission from ref 44.Figure 12. Molecular switch of paramagnetic properties of Sc 3 C 2 @C 80 . Reproduced with permission from ref 65.