Esophagitis cystica: lower esophageal retention cysts

Heterotopic submucosal gastric cysts: Report of two cases, one in association with carcinoma

“…In view of our present observations and those of others, it is concluded that the previously reported case may well have been on an acquired basis. Similar lesions have been described in the esophagus and colon [7,8]. It has been postulated that obstructing secretions in association with chronic inflammation accumulate in mucosal glands and result in the formation of single or multiple cysts in these areas [3].…”

Esophageal retention cyst: Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) as a potential etiology and management with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR)

“…The esophageal retention cyst is a rare type of acquired cyst that was first reported by Kuhne in 1899 [4] . Since that time, there have been scarce reports of these lesions [1] , [2] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] . The majority of descriptions come from incidental findings on autopsy, and use a variety of terms including: ‘mucocele’, ‘esophageal cystica’, ‘esophageal submucosal gland cyst’, and ‘retention cyst’ [1] , [2] , [4] .…”

“…Since that time, there have been scarce reports of these lesions [1] , [2] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] . The majority of descriptions come from incidental findings on autopsy, and use a variety of terms including: ‘mucocele’, ‘esophageal cystica’, ‘esophageal submucosal gland cyst’, and ‘retention cyst’ [1] , [2] , [4] . Found throughout the esophagus, but preferentially involving the distal third, retention cysts can appear as individual or multiple lesions [6] .…”

“…Esophageal retention cysts are characterized by dilation of the submucosal glands with intact overlying squamous epithelium [1] . The cysts are presumed to arise from obstruction of the excretory ducts of these glands, but the exact etiology of their formation is unknown [1] . The most common associated symptom with retention cysts is dysphagia, although most are asymptomatic [2] .…”

Significance of diffuse granularity and nodularity of the esophageal mucosa at double-contrast radiography

“…2) signifies the more Double-contrast radiography of the esophagus has greatly increased the chances of detecting fine surface abnormalities [1][2][3]. Numerous pathologic conditions of the esophagus may give rise to a nodular or granular appearance of the mucosa, including reflux esophagitis [2][3][4], candidal [5] or herpetic esophagitis [6][7][8], eosinophilic esophagitis [9], leukoplakia, acanthosis nigricans [10], glycogenic acanthosis [11], superficial carcinoma [12], and cystic esophagitis [13]. Itai et al [10] reported that leukoplakia, present in 90% of their 133 cases, was by far the most frequent condition presenting with diffuse nodularity.…”