Esophageal and gastric cancer incidence trends in Golestan, Iran: An age‐period‐cohort analysis 2004 to 2018

Ghasemi-Kebria, Fatemeh; Semnani, Shahryar; Fazel, Abdolreza; Etemadi, Arash; Amiriani, Taghi; Naeimi-Tabiei, Mohammad; Hasanpour-Heidari, Susan; Salamat, Fatemeh; Jafari-Delouie, Nastaran; Sedaghat, SeyyedMehdi; Sadeghzadeh, Hamideh; Akbari, Maryam; Mehrjerdian, Mahshid; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Bray, Freddie

doi:10.1002/ijc.34518

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…Recent reports from Iran suggested increasing trends in incidence rates of CRC and geographical disparities in the incidence rates of GI cancers across Iranian provinces. 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 Regarding limited information on EOGICs in Iran, we aim to present incidence rates and geographical distribution of most common EOGICs in Iran, 2014-2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive Epidemiology of Early-Onset Gastrointestinal Cancers in Iran, 2014-2018

Gholami Chahkand,

Esmaeilpour Moallem,

Ghasemi-Kebria

et al. 2024

Middle East J Dig Dis

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Background: We aim to present incidence rates and geographical distribution of most common early-onset gastrointestinal cancers (EOGICs), including early-onset esophageal cancer (EOEC), gastric cancer (EOGC) and colorectal cancer (EOCRC) in Iran, 2014-2018. Methods: Data on new cases of EOEC, EOGC and EOCRC were obtained from publicly available annual reports of the Iranian National Population-based Cancer Registry (INPCR). Incidence rates were calculated using the population data available from the Statistical center of Iran. We considered the World standard population for calculation of age-standardized incidence rates (ASR). We also calculated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ASR. All rates are presented per 100000 person-years. Results: Overall, 19,679 new cases of EOGIC were registered by the INPCR between 2014 and 2018. The ASRs (95% CI) of EOEC, EOGC and EOCRC were 0.49 (95% CI: 0.47–0.51), 1.67 (1.63–1.71), and 3.07 (3.01–3.13) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Our findings indicate decreasing and constant trends in the ASR of EOEC and EOGC during the study period, 2014-2018. There was an increasing trend in the ASR of EOCRC. We also found geographical disparities in the incidence rates of EOGICs across provinces of Iran, suggesting the highest ASRs of EOEC in Golestan (1.3), EOGC in Ilam (2.99) and EOCRC in Ilam (4.49). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that the incidence rate of EOCRC is consistently increasing. We also found variations in the incidence of EOGICs among different provinces. Further investigations are recommended to clarify the time trends and risk factors of EOGICs in Iran.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive Epidemiology of Early-Onset Gastrointestinal Cancers in Iran, 2014-2018

Gholami Chahkand,

Esmaeilpour Moallem,

Ghasemi-Kebria

et al. 2024

Middle East J Dig Dis

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One‐carbon metabolism biomarkers and upper gastrointestinal cancer in the Golestan Cohort Study

Inoue‐Choi,

Freedman,

Etemadi

et al. 2024

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Incidence of esophageal and gastric cancer has been linked to low B‐vitamin status. We conducted matched nested case–control studies of incident esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC; 340 case–control pairs) and gastric cancer (GC; 352 case–control pairs) within the Golestan Cohort Study. The primary exposure was plasma biomarkers: riboflavin and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) (vitamin B2), pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) (B6), cobalamin (B12), para‐aminobenzoylglutamate (pABG) (folate), and total homocysteine (tHcy); and indicators for deficiency: 3‐hydroxykyurenine‐ratio (HK‐r for vitamin B6) and methylmalonic acid (MMA for B12). We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using conditional logistic regression adjusting for matching factors and potential confounders. High proportions of participants had low B‐vitamin and high tHcy levels. None of the measured vitamin B levels was associated with the risk of ESCC and GC, but elevated level of MMA was marginally associated with ESCC (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.99–2.04) and associated with GC (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.05–2.22). Risk of GC was higher for the highest versus lowest quartile of HK‐r (OR = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.19–3.21) and for elevated versus non‐elevated HK‐r level (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.13–2.25). Risk of ESCC (OR = 2.81, 95% CI = 1.54–5.13) and gastric cancer (OR = 2.09, 95%CI = 1.17–3.73) was higher for the highest versus lowest quartile of tHcy. In conclusion, insufficient vitamin B12 was associated with higher risk of ESCC and GC, and insufficient vitamin B6 status was associated with higher risk of GC in this population with prevalent low plasma B‐vitamin status. Higher level of tHcy, a global indicator of OCM function, was associated with higher risk of ESCC and GC.

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Global trends in esophageal cancer mortality with predictions to 2025, and in incidence by histotype

Santucci,

Mignozzi,

Malvezzi

et al. 2023

Cancer Epidemiology

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Esophageal and gastric cancer incidence trends in Golestan, Iran: An age‐period‐cohort analysis 2004 to 2018

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Descriptive Epidemiology of Early-Onset Gastrointestinal Cancers in Iran, 2014-2018

Descriptive Epidemiology of Early-Onset Gastrointestinal Cancers in Iran, 2014-2018

One‐carbon metabolism biomarkers and upper gastrointestinal cancer in the Golestan Cohort Study

Global trends in esophageal cancer mortality with predictions to 2025, and in incidence by histotype

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