ESM-Tools version 5.0: a modular infrastructure for stand-alone and coupled Earth system modelling (ESM)

Barbi, Dirk; Wieters, Nadine; Gierz, Paul; Andrés-Martínez, Miguel; Ural, Deniz; Chegini, Fatemeh; Khosravi, Sara; Cristini, Luisa

doi:10.5194/gmd-14-4051-2021

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The ESM-Tools (version 3) infrastructure software (Barbi et al, 2021) was used to manage the configuration, compiling, and runtime scripts of the coupled model, as well as to ensure simulation reproducibility.…”

Section: Coupled Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AWI-CM3 coupled climate model: description and evaluation experiments for a prototype post-CMIP6 model

et al. 2022

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Abstract. We developed a new version of the Alfred Wegener Institute Climate Model (AWI-CM3), which has higher skills in representing the observed climatology and better computational efficiency than its predecessors. Its ocean component FESOM2 (Finite-volumE Sea ice–Ocean Model) has the multi-resolution functionality typical of unstructured-mesh models while still featuring a scalability and efficiency similar to regular-grid models. The atmospheric component OpenIFS (CY43R3) enables the use of the latest developments in the numerical-weather-prediction community in climate sciences. In this paper we describe the coupling of the model components and evaluate the model performance on a variable-resolution (25–125 km) ocean mesh and a 61 km atmosphere grid, which serves as a reference and starting point for other ongoing research activities with AWI-CM3. This includes the exploration of high and variable resolution and the development of a full Earth system model as well as the creation of a new sea ice prediction system. At this early development stage and with the given coarse to medium resolutions, the model already features above-CMIP6-average skills (where CMIP6 denotes Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6) in representing the climatology and competitive model throughput. Finally we identify remaining biases and suggest further improvements to be made to the model.

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Section: Coupled Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AWI-CM3 coupled climate model: description and evaluation experiments for a prototype post-CMIP6 model

et al. 2022

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“…Thanks go to the Max Planck Institute in Hamburg (Germany) and colleagues from the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) for making ECHAM6-JSBACH and FESOM available to us. The simulations presented in this study are performed using the esm_tools (Barbi et al, 2021). Model simulations were performed on the high-performance computer "Levante" of the German Climate Computing Center (Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum, DKRZ).…”

Section: Appendix A: Size Classes and Scaling Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive Earth system model (AWI-ESM2.1) with interactive icebergs: effects on surface and deep-ocean characteristics

Ackermann,

Rackow,

Himstedt

et al. 2024

Geosci. Model Dev.

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Abstract. The explicit representation of cryospheric components in Earth system models has become more and more important over the last years. However, there are few advanced coupled Earth system models that employ interactive icebergs, and most iceberg model studies focus on iceberg trajectories or ocean surface conditions. Here, we present multi-centennial simulations with a fully coupled Earth system model including interactive icebergs to assess the effects of heat and freshwater fluxes by iceberg melting on deep-ocean characteristics. The icebergs are modeled as Lagrangian point particles and exchange heat and freshwater fluxes with the ocean. They are seeded in the Southern Ocean, following a realistic present-day size distribution. Total calving fluxes and the locations of discharge are derived from an ice sheet model output which allows for implementation in coupled climate–ice sheet models. The simulations show a cooling of up to 0.2 K of deep-ocean water masses in all ocean basins that propagates from the southern high latitudes northward. We also find enhanced deep-water formation in the continental shelf area of the Ross Sea, a process commonly underestimated by current climate models. The vertical stratification is weakened by enhanced sea ice formation and duration due to the cooling effect of iceberg melting, leading to a 10 % reduction of the buoyancy frequency in the Ross Sea. The deep-water formation in this region is increased by up to 10 %. By assessing the effects of heat and freshwater fluxes individually, we find latent heat flux to be the main driver of these water mass changes. The altered freshwater distribution by freshwater fluxes and synergetic effects play only a minor role. Our results emphasize the importance of realistically representing both heat and freshwater fluxes in the high southern latitudes.

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“…was supported by funding from the Innovation Pool Project SCENIC. All simulations were performed at the German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ) using ESM Tools 65 . We thank Dmitry Sidorenko for supporting the penetrative shortwave radiation calculations.…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projected amplification of summer marine heatwaves in a warming Northeast Pacific Ocean

Athanase,

Sánchez-Benítez,

Goessling

et al. 2024

Commun Earth Environ

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Marine heatwaves are expected to become more frequent, intense, and longer-lasting in a warming world. However, it remains unclear whether feedback processes could amplify or dampen extreme ocean temperatures. Here we impose the observed atmospheric flow in coupled climate simulations to determine how the record-breaking 2019 Northeast Pacific marine heatwave would have unfolded in preindustrial times, and how it could unravel in a +4 °C warmer world compared to present-day conditions. We find that air-sea interactions, involving reductions in clouds and ocean mixed-layer depth and air advection from fast-warming subpolar regions, modulate warming rates within the marine heatwave. In a +4 °C warmer climate, global oceans are +1.9 °C warmer than present levels, and regional mean warming in the Northeast Pacific can reach +2.3–2.7 ± 0.25 °C. Our identified feedback processes are projected to further amplify the intensity and spatial extent of analogous Northeast Pacific summer marine heatwaves beyond those thresholds, with a warming reaching +2.9 ± 0.15 °C above present levels. Such an event-specific amplification would place even greater stress on marine ecosystems and fisheries.

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ESM-Tools version 5.0: a modular infrastructure for stand-alone and coupled Earth system modelling (ESM)

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

AWI-CM3 coupled climate model: description and evaluation experiments for a prototype post-CMIP6 model

AWI-CM3 coupled climate model: description and evaluation experiments for a prototype post-CMIP6 model

A comprehensive Earth system model (AWI-ESM2.1) with interactive icebergs: effects on surface and deep-ocean characteristics

Projected amplification of summer marine heatwaves in a warming Northeast Pacific Ocean

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