Eski Yakındoğu ve Mısır’dan Günümüze Ulaşan Hurrice Belgeler: Buluntu Yerleri ve İçerikleri

Abstract

Hurrian documents' findspots, which their vast majority dating back to second half of the 2nd millennium B.C. extend from the Upper Habur Valley to the Mediterranean and Central Anatolia. The number of documents dating back to the 3rd millenium B.C. is fewer. Hurrian tablets were obtained mostly from Syria and Turkey. In addition, it should be said that there are few documents in Iraq and Egypt (Mitanni Letter). The archives in which Hurrian tablets were released are Larsa (?), Urkeš, Mari, Tuttul, Nagar, Emar, Ugarit, Akhetaten (Tell el Amarna), Tikunani, Hattuša, Šapinuwa and Šamuha. Among these, Hattuša and Šapinuwa are at the forefront due to the large number of documents. The importance of Amarna is that the longest Hurrian tablet is found here. The three archives mentioned also stand out in terms of understanding the Hurrian language. The Letter of Amarna is important for comparison with Akkadian texts, Hattuša bilingual documents, and Šapinuwa for the development of Hurrian vocabulary. The contents of the documents can be classified as religious, literary, administrative, historical and shcool texts. The religious texts constitute the most detailed group, involving sorcery and purification rituals, deity lists, prophetic texts and a sacrifice text. The administrative texts consist of letters, a taxation tablet and the record of barley shares to be distributed to individuals. The literary texts include epic tales, wisdom texts and a musical text (Ugarit). The most fitting example of the historical texts is the record of a military expedition originating from Kayalıpınar (Sivas). The school texts are lexicons found in Ugarit.