“…It has been widely documented that a corporation's ERM practices are an important management tool that drives its OE [ [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] ]. While debts are used to finance corporate operations and are important for its capital structure as managers may decide the usage of debts, that is, whether and to what degree they will finance short or long-run inputs, the availability of and access to credit significantly impacts the OE of businesses [ 34 , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] ]. Champion [ 51 ] added that leverage is the way to improve corporate OE.…”