Escherichia coli probiotic exhibits in vitro growth-limiting effects on clinical feline uropathogenic E coli isolates

Snell, Chloe B.; Winston, Jenessa A.; Quimby, Jessica M.; Diaz‐Campos, Dubraska; Gibson, Jordan F.; Harrison, Alistair; Byron, Julie M.; Justice, Sheryl S.; Rudinsky, Adam J.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.21.07.0096

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Tamm-Horsfall, a tubular protein involved in immune defense, and small amounts of albumin (≤30 mg/dL), a plasma protein, are considered normal findings in canine urine. 1,[52][53][54] Differences in protein profiles between dogs may be driven by age or breed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All about urine: Longitudinal examination of urine pH, specific gravity, proteins, culture, and resistance profiles in healthy dogs

McGlynn

Mrofchak

Madan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BackgroundUrine is routinely evaluated in dogs to assess health. Reference ranges for many urine properties are well established, but the scope of variation in these properties over time within heathy dogs is not well characterized.ObjectivesLongitudinally characterize urine properties in healthy dogs over 3 months.AnimalsFourteen healthy client-owned dogs.MethodsDogs were evaluated for health; then, mid-stream free catch urine was collected from each dog at 12 timepoints: Mornings / afternoons of Days 1, 2, 3; end of Weeks 4, 5, 6, 7 and Months 2 and 3. Urine pH, urine specific gravity (USG), protein, cultures, and antimicrobial resistance profiles were evaluated at each timepoint.ResultsUrine pH varied significantly within and between dogs over time (Friedman’s test: withinp= 0.031; betweenp< 0.005). However, USG, protein, and bacterial richness of urine were consistent within dogs over time, and only varied significantly between dogs (Kruskal-Wallis: between allp< 0.005). Antimicrobial resistant isolates were identified in 13 out of 14 dogs with 71% (34 of 48) of the isolates demonstrating resistance to amoxicillin.Conclusions and clinical importance1) Urine pH should be assessed at multiple timepoints via pH meter prior to making clinical decisions. 2) Mid-stream free catch urine from multiple healthy dogs yielded high concentrations of bacteria in culture (>105CFU/mL) and should not be considered the only indicator of urinary tract infection. 3) Bacterial isolates demonstrated widespread resistance to amoxicillin / oxacillin underscoring the need for antimicrobial stewardship.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All about urine: Longitudinal examination of urine pH, specific gravity, proteins, culture, and resistance profiles in healthy dogs

McGlynn

Mrofchak

Madan

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The 2 most commonly detected protein bands were consistent with Tamm‐Horsfall protein and albumin. Tamm‐Horsfall, a tubular protein involved in immune defense, and small amounts of albumin (≤30 mg/dL), a plasma protein, are considered normal findings in the urine of dogs 1,52‐54 . Differences in protein profiles between dogs might be driven by age or breed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tamm-Horsfall, a tubular protein involved in immune defense, and small amounts of albumin (≤30 mg/dL), a plasma protein, are considered normal findings in the urine of dogs. 1,[52][53][54] Differences in protein profiles between dogs might be driven by age or breed. Increased protein loss through urine is typically observed as dogs age and renal filtration function declines through irreversible nephron loss or glomerulosclerosis, which is more common in older animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal examination of urine pH, specific gravity, protein, culture, and antimicrobial resistance profiles in healthy dogs

McGlynn,

Mrofchak,

Madan

et al. 2023

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundUrine is routinely evaluated in dogs to assess health. Reference ranges for many urine properties are well established, but the scope of variation in these properties over time within healthy dogs is not well characterized.ObjectivesLongitudinally characterize urine properties in healthy dogs over 3 months.AnimalsFourteen healthy client‐owned dogs.MethodsIn this prospective study, dogs were evaluated for health; then, mid‐stream free‐catch urine was collected from each dog at 12 timepoints over 3 months. Urine pH, urine specific gravity (USG), protein, cultures, and antimicrobial resistance profiles were assessed at each timepoint.ResultsUrine pH varied within and between dogs over time (Friedman's test: within P = .03; between P < .005). However, USG, protein, and bacterial diversity of urine were consistent within dogs over time, and only varied between dogs (Kruskal‐Wallis: between all P < .005). Antimicrobial resistant isolates were identified in 12 out of 14 dogs with 34 of 48 of the isolates demonstrating resistance to amoxicillin.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceUrine pH should be assessed at multiple timepoints via pH meter before making clinical decisions. Mid‐stream free‐catch urine with high concentrations of bacteria (>105 CFU/mL) should not be considered the only indicator of urinary tract infection. Bacterial isolates from dogs in this study had widespread resistance to amoxicillin/oxacillin underscoring the need for antimicrobial stewardship.

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A survey of multiple candidate probiotic bacteria reveals specificity in the ability to modify the effects of key wound pathogens

Alhubail,

McBain,

O'Neill

2024

Microbiol Spectr

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We have evaluated the inhibitory effects of supernatants and lysates derived from several candidate probiotics, on the growth and biofilm formation of wound pathogens, and their ability to protect human primary epidermal keratinocytes from the toxic effects of pathogens. Supernatants (neutralized and non-neutralized) and lysates ( via sonication) from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium longum, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, and Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 were tested for their inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumanni . The supernatants of L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, B. longum, and L. rhamnosus GG reduced the growth of S. aureus, E. coli, and A. baumanni. B. longum additionally inhibited P. aeruginosa growth. However, neutralized Lactobacillus supernatants did not inhibit growth and in some cases were stimulatory. Lysates of L. plantarum and L. reuteri inhibited S. pyogenes while B. longum lysates inhibited E. coli and S. aureus growth. E. coli Nissle 1917 lysates enhanced the growth of S. pyogenes and P. aeruginosa . Biofilm formation by E. coli was reduced by lysates of L. reuteri and neutralized supernatants of all candidate probiotics. P. aeruginosa biofilm formation was reduced by E. coli Nissle supernatant but increased by L. plantarum, L. reuteri, and Bifidobacterium longum lysates. L. reuteri decreased the toxic effects of S. aureus on keratinocytes while E. coli Nissle 1917 lysates protected keratinocytes from S. pyogenes toxicity. In conclusion, lactobacilli and E. coli Nissle lysates confer inhibitory effects on pathogenic growth independently of acidification and may beneficially alter the outcome of interactions between host cell-pathogen in a species-specific manner. IMPORTANCE One of the attributes of probiotics is their ability to inhibit pathogens. For this reason, many lactobacilli have been investigated for their effects as potential topical therapeutics against skin pathogens. However, this field is in its infancy. Even though probiotics are known to be safe when taken orally, the potential safety concerns when applied to potentially compromised skin are unknown. For this reason, we believe that extracts of probiotics will offer advantages over the use of live bacteria. In this study, we have surveyed five candidate probiotics, when used as extracts, in terms of their effects against common wound pathogens. Our data demonstrate that some probiotic extracts promote the growth of pathogens and highlight the need for careful selection of species and strains when probiotics are to be used topically.

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Escherichia coli probiotic exhibits in vitro growth-limiting effects on clinical feline uropathogenic E coli isolates

Cited by 4 publications

References 53 publications

All about urine: Longitudinal examination of urine pH, specific gravity, proteins, culture, and resistance profiles in healthy dogs

All about urine: Longitudinal examination of urine pH, specific gravity, proteins, culture, and resistance profiles in healthy dogs

Longitudinal examination of urine pH, specific gravity, protein, culture, and antimicrobial resistance profiles in healthy dogs

A survey of multiple candidate probiotic bacteria reveals specificity in the ability to modify the effects of key wound pathogens

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