Escherichia coli 0111 B4 Lipopolysaccharide Given Intracisternally Induces Blood-Brain Barrier Opening during Experimental Neonatal Meningitis in Piglets

Concepts and Mechanisms: Crossing Host Barriers

“…The reasons for increased permeability of the BBB during infections are not fully understood. A dose-and time-dependent increase in permeability was observed in various animal models of bacterial meningitis (Temesvari et al 1993;Kim et al 1997;Mayhan 1998). These data suggest a role for bacterial factors, like cell wall components and toxins, in promoting BBB permeability either directly or indirectly through induction of host factors.…”

Impaired Early Neurologic Outcome in Newborn Piglets Reoxygenated with 100% Oxygen Compared with Room Air after Pneumothorax-Induced Asphyxia

“…Ten piglets (five males and five females) were artificially ventilated and reoxygenated with room air (FiO 2 0.21) for 10 min (group R21), whereas the others (n ϭ 10, five males and five females) were ventilated with 100% O 2 (FiO 2 1.0) for 10 min (group R100). A conventional, constant-volume, pressure-limited infant respirator (MTA-KUTESZ, Budapest, Hungary) was used to ventilate the involved animals on the basis of our previous laboratory practice (24). Ventilator settings were as follows: tidal volume, 10 -16 mL; frequency, 40 breaths/min; inspiratory time, 0.75 s; peak inspiratory pressure, 1.18 -1.48 kPa (12-15 cm H 2 O); and, with the avoidance of adverse effects (e.g.…”

Review: Role of developmental inflammation and blood–brain barrier dysfunction in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases

“…IL, interleukin; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TNF, tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Temesvari et al [85] Newborn pig Intracisternal LPS NaF Increased permeability in cortex, cerebellum and white matter, increase in WBC count in the CSF.…”