Escape of Human Solid Tumors from T–Cell Recognition: Molecular Mechanisms and Functional Significance

Biased epitope selection by recombinant vaccinia-virus (rVV)-infected mature or immature dendritic cells

“…38 Therefore, effective expression of whole Ag would be more desirable based on the assumption that Ag processing and presentation by the host cells could naturally tailor the antigenic potential to the HLA phenotype of individual patients to induce broader immune responses less susceptible to HLA allele or haplotype-specific loss. 39 Thus, various strategies have been suggested to cause expression of whole Ag in vivo with the purpose of priming polyvalent CD8+ T-cell/HLA-class I-restricted and CD4+ T-cell /HLA-class II-restricted immune responses.…”

IL-10 stimulatory effects on human NK cells explored by gene profile analysis

“…3 Some authors raised the teleological hypothesis that IL-10 acts as an immunosuppressive molecule secreted by tumors to escape from immune surveillance. [4][5][6] However, a large body of evidence in different animal tumor models opposes this theory, showing that IL-10 can favor immune-mediated cancer rejection. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] In humans, the knowledge on IL-10's role in tumor immunology is scarce.…”

Inhibition of spontaneous development of liver tumors by inoculation with dendritic cells loaded with hepatocellular carcinoma cells in C3H/HeNCRJ mice

“…[15][16][17] However, development of antitumor immunity is inhibited by peripheral tolerance and immunosuppression due to cytokines secreted by tumors. 17,18 Furthermore, cancer cells use various methods to escape recognition and killing by T cells. 18 DCs might be used to reverse the immune unresponsiveness seen in malignant diseases.…”

“…17,18 Furthermore, cancer cells use various methods to escape recognition and killing by T cells. 18 DCs might be used to reverse the immune unresponsiveness seen in malignant diseases. 19,20 DCs are potent antigen-presenting cells that take up antigens and migrate to secondary lymphoid tissues, where they mature, present the antigenic peptides to naive T cells on both MHC class II and MHC class I molecules (cross-presentation), prime them and initiate a primary immune response.…”