Erzurum’un ilk planlama deneyimi: 1939 Lambert planı

Abstract

Erzurum  Lambert plan  Republican period Figure A. Analytical framework for lambert plan study Purpose: In this study, Lambert Plan and its report as the first planning experience of Erzurum has been explored and examined within the framework of its effects on urban order of central area and the level of implementation. The aim of this study is to expose Lambert plan of Erzurum and its consistency with Republican Ideology. Theory and Methods: The Lambert plan as the first urban development plan of Erzurum was made by the French Planner J. H. Lambert in 1939 and formed the core of the city. The plan has not been revealed up to this date and its structural configuration has not been discussed yet. In this context, historical research was carried out in this study based on document analysis, content analysis and observations made on site. Within the context of Lambert plan, the present state of urban areas has been questioned, and urban developments that do not comply with the plan have been revealed. Also, the effects of the plan on today's settlement characteristics of Erzurum were examined. On the other hand, the level of consistency of this plan to the principles and procedures of the Law of Buildings and Roads in 1933 was discussed. Results: The findings revealed that the main elements forming the present city center were inherited from this plan. These are Cumhuriyet Street, train station area, station district, Gürcukapı, Mahallebaşı and Gölbaşı commercial centers, Taş Mağazalar Street, transformation of castle walls to the roads, ring system (mostly), axle roads, environmental transit roads and administrative region. The elements of the building and road law were determinative for the Lambert Plan. However, there are many unimplemented aspects of the Lambert Plan such as the central park between the inner castle and the Yakutiye Madrasah, the green system surrounding the city, neighborhood gardens and cultural centers, artisans' workshops, industrial area, children's playgrounds and sporting areas, and different residential areas of the city. Conclusion: It is concluded that the Lambert Plan is very important in terms of spatial planning history of the city but it showed that modernized urban environment and desired modern urban life could not be created in Erzurum.