Erythropoietic effects of low‐dose cobalt application

Hoffmeister, Torben; Schwenke, Dirk; Wachsmuth, Nadine; Krug, Oliver; Thevis, Mario; Byrnes, William C.; Schmidt, Walter

doi:10.1002/dta.2478

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For the current protocol, the urine Co 2+ concentrations reported during the 3-week treatment period are in accordance with data from the literature (Krug et al, 2014 ) and our own experience (Hoffmeister et al, 2018 ). Because most of the ingested cobalt is not absorbed, and because excretion via feces is the main route for elimination of ingested Co 2+ , urinary excretion accounts for between 10 and 27% of ingested Co 2+ (Ayala-Fierro et al, 1999 ; Hoffmeister et al, 2018 ). The relatively high inter-individual variation of urine Co 2+ observed in this study may therefore be attributable to differences in gastrointestinal Co 2+ absorption, while the intra-individual variation in the morning urine samples may also be due to different diuresis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In our recent study (Hoffmeister et al, 2018 ), we demonstrated that a 5-day Co 2+ administration of 10 mg/day clearly passes the erythropoietic threshold, as indicated by increased plasma [EPO], a higher percentage of IRF, and decreased plasma ferritin concentration. Smaller dosages as 0.45 mg/day for 2 weeks (Tvermoes et al, 2013 ) and 1 mg/day for 90 days did not show any effect (Tvermoes et al, 2014 ) but a Co 2+ application of 5 mg/day for 5 days showed a tendency toward erythropoietic stimulation (Hoffmeister et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…In a recent study, the minimum amount of daily oral Co 2+ administration leading to increased plasma [EPO] was determined (Hoffmeister et al, 2018 ). A single dosage of 10 mg in moderately trained young men resulted in a 53% increase in [EPO], and a dosage of 10 mg for 5 days resulted in a 50% increase in immature reticulocyte fraction and 12% decrease in ferritin concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 3 Weeks of Oral Low-Dose Cobalt on Hemoglobin Mass and Aerobic Performance

et al. 2018

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Introduction: Cobalt ions (Co2+) stabilize HIFα and increase endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) production creating the possibility that Co2+ supplements (CoSupp) may be used as performance enhancing substances. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a small oral dosage of CoSupp on hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) and performance with the objective of providing the basis for establishing upper threshold limits of urine [Co2+] to detect CoSupp misuse in sport.Methods: Twenty-four male subjects participated in a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Sixteen received an oral dose of 5 mg of ionized Co2+ per day for 3 weeks, and eight served as controls. Blood and urine samples were taken before the study, during the study and up to 3 weeks after CoSupp. Hbmass was determined by the CO-rebreathing method at regular time intervals, and VO2max was determined before and after the CoSupp administration period.Results: In the Co2+ group, Hbmass increased by 2.0 ± 2.1% (p < 0.001) while all the other analyzed hematological parameters did not show significant interactions of time and treatment. Hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) and hematocrit (Hct) tended to increase (p = 0.16, p = 0.1) and also [EPO] showed a similar trend (baseline: 9.5 ± 3.0, after 2 weeks: 12.4 ± 5.2 mU/ml). While mean VO2max did not change, there was a trend for a positive relationship between changes in Hbmass and changes in VO2max immediately after CoSupp (r = 0.40, p = 0.11). Urine [Co2+] increased from 0.4 ± 0.3 to 471.4 ± 384.1 ng/ml (p < 0.01) and remained significantly elevated until 2 weeks after cessation.Conclusion: An oral Co2+ dosage of 5 mg/day for 3 weeks effectively increases Hbmass with a tendency to increase hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) and hematocrit (Hct). Because urine Co2+ concentration remains increased for 2 weeks after cessation, upper limit threshold values for monitoring CoSupp can be established.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 3 Weeks of Oral Low-Dose Cobalt on Hemoglobin Mass and Aerobic Performance

et al. 2018

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“…Cobalt participates in many adaptive processes, affects the cardiovascular system and vasodilation [11]. There is evidence of cobalt influence on erythropoiesis [12]. However, in our study, no correlation was found between hair cobalt content and hemoglobin level.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 68%

Hair Trace Elements, Hematological and Psychological Parameters of Students with Different Diets

Нотова¹,

Kiyaeva²,

Laryushina³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the International Conference on Health and Well-Being in Modern Society (ICHW 2019)

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The effects of fast food, instant food and semifinished products on trace element status, hematological and psychological parameters of students were studied. Students who consumed fast food, instant and convenience foods (the 1st group), as well as students who consumed nutrient-enriched health food (the 2 nd group) took part in research (30 participants). Significant decrease in Co, Zn and K content by 1.5, 1.4 and 2.8 times respectively was found in the 1 st group. Also in the 1 st group significant increase in Cu and Na content was determined. Se content in the hair of all participants was lower than normal. The content of toxic elements in all respondents was in the normal range. Lower hemoglobin values were found in students with unbalanced nutrition, but these values did not indicate anemia. For psychological test questionnaire "Well-being, activity, mood" was used. For 27% students with unbalanced diet current psychological state was determined as unfavorable and only for 33%-as favorable. At the same time, the integral indicator of questionnaire "Well-being, activity, mood" positively correlated (r = 0.807, p <0.05) with the hair Zn level.

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“…An important aspect of the problem under discussion is that cobalt mineral salts, those which are not part of cobalamins, can have their own regulatory effect on the state of metabolic processes in a human body. Cobalt salts (Co2+) have been used for a long time as a pharmacological stimulators of hematopoiesis in the treatment of anemias [41,42]. Further studies have shown that hypoxiainducible factor is the leading mediator that determines the pathway and intensity of the effects of cobalt mineral salts on a human body.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern aspects of regulatory, pathophysiological and toxic effects of cobalt ions during oral intake in the human body

Dolomatov¹,

Сатаева²,

Żukow³

2019

Health Risk Analysis

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Cobalt is an essential microelement which is an indispensable part of several enzymes and co-enzymes. Cobalt ions may occur in the environment from both natural sources and due to human activities. This metal is very widespread in the natural environment and can be formed due to anthropogenic activity. Toxic effects produced by cobalt and its compounds depend on the physical and chemical properties of these complexes, including their electronic structure, ion parameters (charge-size relations) and kinetics. Cobalt has both beneficial and harmful effects on human health. Cobalt is beneficial for humans because it is a part of vitamin B 12 , which is essential to maintain human health. If humans and animals are exposed to levels of cobalt normally found in the environment, it is not harmful. When excessive cobalt amounts enter a human body, multiple and chronic harmful health effects can occur and the longer the cobalt ions are stored in the body, the more changes they cause in cells. Cobalt gets into a body via several ways: mainly with food, via the respiratory system, through the skin or as a component of various biomaterials. Despite this metal being abundant, much of our knowledge on cobalt toxicity is based mainly on studies performed on animals. Undoubtedly, inorganic forms of cobalt are toxic as they accumulate in various tissues and can evoke a chain of pathological cascade changes in cells. Although some cobalt effects might be beneficial for medicine. Therefore, the purpose of our review is to provide the current analysis about the most significant regulatory, pathophysiological and epigenetic effects of Co 2+ in a human body.

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Erythropoietic effects of low‐dose cobalt application

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of 3 Weeks of Oral Low-Dose Cobalt on Hemoglobin Mass and Aerobic Performance

Effects of 3 Weeks of Oral Low-Dose Cobalt on Hemoglobin Mass and Aerobic Performance

Hair Trace Elements, Hematological and Psychological Parameters of Students with Different Diets

Modern aspects of regulatory, pathophysiological and toxic effects of cobalt ions during oral intake in the human body

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