Erythrocyte PUFAs, circulating acylcarnitines, and metabolic syndrome risk: a prospective study in Chinese

Ma, Yiwei; Sun, Liang; Li, Jun; Hu, Yao; Gan, Zhenji; Zong, Geng; He, Zheng; Jin, Qianlu; Hu, Frank B.; Zeng, Rong; Sun, Qi; Lin, Xu

doi:10.1194/jlr.p088005

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Increasing ALA was associated with higher MetS rates and hypertriglyceridemia, whereas increasing EPA and DHA were related to lower incidence of MetS and its components high TG, low HDL cholesterol, and high BP ( 109 ). These results are consistent with a recently completed prospective examination of 1245 Chinese adults with baseline measurements of RBC PUFAs that assessed MetS incidence after a 6-y follow-up ( 110 ). Although this study focused on n–6 PUFAs and acylcarnitines, a slightly increased risk of incident MetS for ALA (RR for 1-SD increment: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.15) and no significant associations for total n–3 PUFAs or other n–3 PUFAs were reported; ALA was also positively associated with increased TGs and inversely associated with HDL cholesterol.…”

Section: Current Status Of Knowledgesupporting

confidence: 89%

Impact of α-Linolenic Acid, the Vegetable ω-3 Fatty Acid, on Cardiovascular Disease and Cognition

Sala‐Vila

Fleming

Kris‐Etherton

et al. 2022

Advances in Nutrition

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Given the evidence of the health benefits of plant-based diets and long-chain n-3 fatty acids, there is keen interest in better understanding the role of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), a plant-derived n-3 fatty acid, on cardiometabolic diseases and cognition. There is increasing evidence for ALA largely based on its major food sources (i.e., walnuts and flaxseed); however, this lags behind our understanding of long-chain n-3 fatty acids. Meta-analyses of observational studies have shown that increasing dietary ALA is associated with a 10% lower risk of total cardiovascular disease and a 20% reduced risk of fatal coronary heart disease. Three randomized controlled trials (AlphaOmega trial, Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea [PREDIMED] trial, and Lyon Diet Heart Study) all showed benefits of diets high in ALA on cardiovascular-related outcomes, but the AlphaOmega trial, designed to specifically evaluate ALA effects, only showed a trend for benefit. Randomized controlled trials have shown that dietary ALA reduced total cholesterol, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure, and epidemiological studies and some trials also have shown an anti-inflammatory effect of ALA; which collectively account for, in part, the cardiovascular benefits of ALA. A meta-analysis reported a trend toward diabetes risk reduction with both dietary and biomarker ALA. For metabolic syndrome and obesity, the evidence for ALA benefits is inconclusive. The role of ALA in cognition is in the early stages but shows promising evidence of counteracting cognitive impairment. Much has been learned about the health benefits of ALA and with additional research we will be better positioned to make strong evidence-based dietary recommendations for the reduction of many chronic diseases.

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Section: Current Status Of Knowledgesupporting

confidence: 89%

Impact of α-Linolenic Acid, the Vegetable ω-3 Fatty Acid, on Cardiovascular Disease and Cognition

Sala‐Vila

Fleming

Kris‐Etherton

et al. 2022

Advances in Nutrition

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“…PUFAs are beneficial to health. For example, ω-6 PUFA reduces the blood lipid of male subjects with IR and subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). , Long-chain ω-6 PUFA is positively related to metabolic syndrome in Chinese populations …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40,41 Long-chain ω-6 PUFA is positively related to metabolic syndrome in Chinese populations. 42 Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs) are crucial to health. Substantially high contents of valine, leucine, and their derivatives were observed in the different exposure groups.…”

Section: Exposure-induced Circulatory Disorders Of Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Host Metabolic Disorders Induced by Alterations in Intestinal Flora under Dietary Pesticide Exposure

Liu

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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A dietary pesticide residue causes underestimated influences on body health. In this work, experimental mice were exposed to commonly used pesticides that cause insulin resistance, inflammation, and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Alterations in intestinal flora were detected in the exposure groups. The abundance of the flora causing high endotoxin production was intensively increased and led to body inflammation. High Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and obesity-related flora characteristics were also found. The metabolisms of intestinal flora and host circulation were investigated through metabolomics. The associations of flora with their metabolites and host circulation were also established. Association analysis can determine the influences of pesticide exposure on such a complex system. The affected metabolic pathways in the liver were also determined to clarify the mechanism underlying the effect of pesticide exposure on host physiology. Interventions with fructooligosaccharides and fecal microbiota transplantation alleviated the metabolic disorders, thus directly confirming that the intestinal flora mediates the effects of pesticide exposure on host circulation. This work elucidated the intestinal-flora-mediated effects of dietary pollutant exposure on body health and provided potential measures for regulating flora and host circulation.

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“…Various studies albeit with conflicting results have suggested that cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity, T2D, dyslipidemia, and, hypertension are highly associated with changes in metabolic signature, especially plasma amino acids and acylcarnitines levels (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between acylcarnitine and amino acids profile and metabolic syndrome and its components in Iranian adults: Data from STEPs 2016

et al. 2023

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BackgroundEvidence, albeit with conflicting results, has suggested that cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, and hypertension, are highly associated with changes in metabolic signature, especially plasma amino acids and acylcarnitines levels. Here, we aimed to evaluate the association of circulating levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Iranian adults.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on 1192 participants from the large–scale cross-sectional study of Surveillance of Risk Factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Iran (STEP 2016). The circulating levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in individuals with MetS (n=529) and without MetS (n=663).ResultsThe higher plasma levels of branched-chain amino acids (Val, Leu), aromatic amino acids (Phe, Tyr), Pro, Ala, Glu, and the ratio of Asp to Asn were significantly associated with MetS, whereas lower circulating levels of Gly, Ser, His, Asn, and citrulline were significantly associated with MetS. As for plasma levels of free carnitine and acylcarnitines, higher levels of short-chain acylcarnitines (C2, C3, C4DC), free carnitine (C0), and long-chain acylcarnitines (C16, C18OH) were significantly associated with MetS. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that factor 3 (Tyr, Leu, Val, Met, Trp, Phe, Thr) [OR:1.165, 95% CI: 1.121-1.210, P<0.001], factor 7 (C0, C3, C4) [OR:1.257, 95% CI: 1.150-1.374, P<0.001], factor 8 (Gly, Ser) [OR:0.718, 95% CI: 0.651-0.793, P< 0.001], factor 9 (Ala, Pro, C4DC) [OR:1.883, 95% CI: 1.669-2.124, P<0.001], factor 10 (Glu, Asp, C18:2OH) [OR:1.132, 95% CI: 1.032-1.242, P= 0.009], factor 11 (citrulline, ornithine) [OR:0.862, 95% CI: 0.778-0.955, P= 0.004] and 13 (C18OH, C18:1 OH) [OR: 1.242, 95% CI: 1.042-1.480, P= 0.016] were independently correlated with metabolic syndrome.ConclusionChange in amino acid, and acylcarnitines profiles were seen in patients with MetS. Moreover, the alteration in the circulating levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines is along with an increase in MetS component number. It also seems that amino acid and acylcarnitines profiles can provide valuable information on evaluating and monitoring MetS risk. However, further studies are needed to establish this concept.

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Erythrocyte PUFAs, circulating acylcarnitines, and metabolic syndrome risk: a prospective study in Chinese

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Impact of α-Linolenic Acid, the Vegetable ω-3 Fatty Acid, on Cardiovascular Disease and Cognition

Impact of α-Linolenic Acid, the Vegetable ω-3 Fatty Acid, on Cardiovascular Disease and Cognition

Host Metabolic Disorders Induced by Alterations in Intestinal Flora under Dietary Pesticide Exposure

The association between acylcarnitine and amino acids profile and metabolic syndrome and its components in Iranian adults: Data from STEPs 2016

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