Erythrocyte omega-3 index, ambient fine particle exposure, and brain aging

Chen, Cheng; Xun, Pengcheng; Kaufman, Joel D.; Hayden, Kathleen M.; Espeland, Mark A.; Whitsel, Eric A.; Serre, Marc L.; Vizuete, William; Orchard, Tonya; Harris, William S.; Wang, Xinhui; Chui, Helena C.; Chen, Jiu‐Chiuan; He, Ka

doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000010074

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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Section: Brain Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fine particulate matter : Exposure to fine particle matter is thought to be a risk factor for cognitive decline [ 96 ]. A higher Omega-3 Index attenuated the inverse associations between fine particle matter exposure and white matter volumes in total brain and a number of brain areas [ 96 ]. This is probably mediated by the known anti-inflammatory effects of EPA and DHA and by their positive effects on coagulation and endothelial function [ 97 ].…”

Section: Brain Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is probably mediated by the known anti-inflammatory effects of EPA and DHA and by their positive effects on coagulation and endothelial function [ 97 ]. Thus, the benefits of a higher Omega-3 Index may include the protection against detrimental effects of air pollution on brain [ 96 , 97 ].…”

Section: Brain Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of EPA and DHA Blood Levels in Brain Structure and Function

Schacky¹

2021

Nutrients

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Brain structure and function depend on a constant and sufficient supply with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by blood. Blood levels of EPA and DHA reflect dietary intake and other variables and are preferably assessed as percentage in erythrocytes with a well-documented and standardized analytical method (HS-Omega-3 Index®). Every human being has an Omega-3 Index between 2 and 20%, with an optimum of 8–11%. Compared to an optimal Omega-3 Index, a lower Omega-3 Index was associated with increased risk for total mortality and ischemic stroke, reduced brain volume, impaired cognition, accelerated progression to dementia, psychiatric diseases, compromises of complex brain functions, and other brain issues in epidemiologic studies. Most intervention trials, and their meta-analyses considered EPA and DHA as drugs with good bioavailability, a design tending to produce meaningful results in populations characterized by low baseline blood levels (e.g., in major depression), but otherwise responsible for many neutral results and substantial confusion. When trial results were evaluated using blood levels of EPA and DHA measured, effects were larger than comparing EPA and DHA to placebo groups, and paralleled epidemiologic findings. This indicates future trial design, and suggests a targeted use EPA and DHA, based on the Omega-3 Index.

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Section: Brain Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Brain Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of EPA and DHA Blood Levels in Brain Structure and Function

Schacky¹

2021

Nutrients

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“…69 Imaging evidence of an association between PM2.5 exposure and neurodegenerative changes is provided by longitudinal studies of healthy patients with interval MRI scans, which have shown white matter loss in those exposed to greater concentrations of PM2.5. [70][71][72][73][74] PM(coarse) has been less well-studied and only a single report linking exposure in women to decreased mini-mental status examination (MMSE) score has been published. 75 Exposure to PM10, particularly in patients harboring the APOE4 allele, has been shown to associate both with dementia incidence and rate of cognitive decline, as well as front-temporal thinning on MRI.…”

Section: Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurology in a Changing Climate: A Scoping Review

Louis

Carlson

Suresh

et al. 2021

Preprint

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ImportanceAlthough the international community collectively seeks to reduce global temperature rise to less than 1.5ºC, there are already irreversible environmental changes that have occurred, and currently available evidence suggests these changes will continue to occur. As we begin to witness the effects of a warming planet on human health, it is imperative that as neurologists we anticipate the ways in which the epidemiology and incidence of neurologic disease may be affected.ObjectiveIn this review, we organize our analysis around three key themes related to climate change and neurologic health: extreme weather events and temperature fluctuations, emerging neuro-infectious diseases, and pollutant impacts. Across each of these key themes, we appraise and review recent literature relevant to neurological disease and the practice of neurology.Evidence ReviewStudies were identified using a set of relevant search terms relating to climate change and neurologic diseases in the PubMed repository for publications between 1990 and 2021. Studies were included if they pertained to human incidence or prevalence of disease, were in the English language, and were relevant to neurologic disease.FindingsWe identified a total of 136 articles, grouped into the three key themes of our study; extreme weather events and temperature fluctuations (23 studies), emerging neuro-infectious diseases (42 studies), and pollutant impacts (71 studies). Broadly, the studies included highlighted the relationships between neurologic symptom exacerbation and temperature variability, tick-borne infections and warming climates, and airborne pollutants and cerebrovascular disease incidence and severity.Conclusions and RelevanceOur work highlights three key priorities for further work; namely, neuro-infectious disease risk mitigation, an understanding of the pathophysiology of airborne pollutants on the nervous system, and research into how to improve delivery of neurologic care in the face of climate-related disruptions.Key PointsQuestionHow does climate change impact neurological disease?Findings136 articles were identified relating neurologic disease to climate change. Articles were grouped into three key themes, highlighting evidence linking neurologic disease exacerbation to temperature fluctuation, tick-borne infections with climate change, and airborne pollutants to cerebrovascular disease.MeaningA substantial body of literature suggests that neurologic disease incidence, morbidity, and mortality is directly impacted by climate change and its sequelae, but much remains to be uncovered.

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“…2001 ), flavonoids ( Shishtar et al. 2020 ), and long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3PUFAs) ( Chen et al. 2020 ; McNamara et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to a MIND-Like Dietary Pattern, Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution, and MRI-Based Measures of Brain Volume: The Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study-MRI

Chen

Hayden

Kaufman

et al. 2021

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Previous studies suggest that certain dietary patterns and constituents may be beneficial to brain health. Airborne exposures to fine particulate matter [particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ( )] are neurotoxic, but the combined effects of dietary patterns and have not been investigated. Objectives: We examined whether previously reported association between exposure and lower white matter volume (WMV) differed between women whose usual diet during the last 3 months before baseline was more or less consistent with a Mediterranean–DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND)-like diet, a dietary pattern that may slow neurodegenerative changes. Methods: This study included 1,302 U.S. women who were 65–79 y old and free of dementia in the period 1996–1998 (baseline). In the period 2005–2006, structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed to estimate normal-appearing brain volumes (excluding areas with evidence of small vessel ischemic disease). Baseline MIND diet scores were derived from a food frequency questionnaire. Three-year average exposure prior to MRI was estimated using geocoded participant addresses and a spatiotemporal model. Results: Average total and temporal lobe WMVs were [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.001, 1.48) and (95% CI: 0.002, 0.37) higher, respectively, with each 0.5-point increase in the MIND score and were (95% CI: , ) and (95% CI: , ) lower, respectively, with each interquartile range (IQR) ( ) increase in . The inverse association between per IQR and WMV was stronger ( ) among women with MIND scores below the median (for total WMV, ; 95% CI: , ), but absent in women with scores above the median ( ; 95% CI: , 3.72), with similar patterns for WMV in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. For total cerebral and hippocampus brain volumes or WMV in the corpus callosum, the associations with were not significantly different for women with high MIND scores and women with low MIND scores. Discussion: In this cohort of U.S. women, exposure was associated with lower MRI-based WMV, an indication of brain aging, only among women whose usual diet was less consistent with the MIND-like dietary pattern at baseline. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8036

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Erythrocyte omega-3 index, ambient fine particle exposure, and brain aging

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Importance of EPA and DHA Blood Levels in Brain Structure and Function

Importance of EPA and DHA Blood Levels in Brain Structure and Function

Neurology in a Changing Climate: A Scoping Review

Adherence to a MIND-Like Dietary Pattern, Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution, and MRI-Based Measures of Brain Volume: The Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study-MRI

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