Erythrocyte dysplasia in peripheral blood smears from 5 thrombocytopenic dogs treated with vincristine sulfate

Collicutt, Nancy B.; Garner, Bridget C.

doi:10.1111/vcp.12089

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In humans, circulating nRBCs are associated with poor prognosis and high mortality in intensive care unit patients . In dogs, normoblastemia is most commonly associated with an appropriate regenerative response to anaemia, for example during immune‐mediated haematological disease or after traumatic blood loss, or with inappropriate release of nRBC from bone marrow, as it may occur in haematopoietic or non‐haematopoietic neoplasms, or after vincristine administration . Moreover, nRBC may appear in blood of dogs with heatstroke, for which the magnitude of normoblastemia is considered a very sensitive and specific predictor of the outcome …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleated erythrocytes in blood smears of dogs undergoing chemotherapy

Moretti

Giordano

Stefanello

et al. 2015

Vet Comparative Oncology

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The frequency of normoblastemia in dogs receiving chemotherapy is unknown. To provide this information, we calculated the percentage and number of nucleated erythrocytes (nRBCs) in blood of dogs treated for lymphoma (n = 284), mast cell tumour (n = 40) or carcinoma (n = 46). Relative normoblastemia (>1 or >5%) and absolute normoblastemia (>0.1 or >0.4 × 10 µL ) were found after administration of vincristine (49.3, 20.5, 42.5, 19.2%, respectively), carboplatin (37.0, 2.2, 34.8, 13.0%), cyclophosphamide (30.8, 7.7, 23.1, 7.7%), doxorubicin (25.0, 8.3, 21.7, 6.7%), vinblastine and prednisone (25.0; 5.0; 22.5; 7.5%). Absolute normoblastemia was very severe (>1.0 × 10 nRBC µL ) after administration of vincristine (9.6%), doxorubicin (3.3%), vinblastine and prednisone (2.5%). Absolute normoblastemia negatively correlated with RBC counts (P < 0.001) and positively (P < 0.001) with reticulocyte and WBC counts, but correlation coefficients were low (-0.19, 0.37, 0.15). Vincristine, doxorubicin or vinblastine and prednisone may induce severe normoblastemia. This may increase WBC counts and mask neutropenia associated with chemotherapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleated erythrocytes in blood smears of dogs undergoing chemotherapy

Moretti

Giordano

Stefanello

et al. 2015

Vet Comparative Oncology

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“…Integrated metric of evidence values could not be calculated for the remaining 16 studies. 3,21,61,74,95,97,[139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148] Of the 11 studies with an IME value, 10 specifically studied E. canis. 70,85,93,100,103,104,114,116,117,123 One study did not indicate the Ehrlichia species involved, 107 but E. canis was presumed based on geographic locale.…”

Section: Evidence Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty‐seven studies were evaluated 3,21,61,70,74,85,93,95,97,100,103,104,107,114,116,117,123,139‐148 . Integrated metric of evidence values (median, 6.33; range, 2.2‐7.0) were calculated for 11 studies 70,85,93,100,103,104,107,114,116,117,123 .…”

Section: Guidelines For Comorbidity Screening In Itpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these 11 studies, evidence was negligible in 18% (2/11), 85,93 low in 18% (2/11), 114,116 intermediate in 9% (1/11), 107 and high in 50% (6/11) 70,100,103,104,117,123 that infection with E. canis causes ITP in dogs. Integrated metric of evidence values could not be calculated for the remaining 16 studies 3,21,61,74,95,97,139‐148 …”

Section: Guidelines For Comorbidity Screening In Itpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ACVIM consensus statement on the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia in dogs and cats

LeVine,

Kidd,

Garden

et al. 2024

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is the most common acquired primary hemostatic disorder in dogs. Immune thrombocytopenia less commonly affects cats but is an important cause of mortality and treatment‐associated morbidity in both species. Immune thrombocytopenia remains a diagnosis of exclusion for which diagnostic guidelines are lacking. Primary, or non‐associative, ITP refers to autoimmune platelet destruction. Secondary, or associative, ITP arises in response to an underlying disease trigger. However, evidence for which comorbidities serve as ITP triggers has not been systematically evaluated. To identify key diagnostic steps for ITP and important comorbidities associated with secondary ITP, we developed 12 Population Evaluation/Exposure Comparison Outcome (PECO) format questions. These questions were addressed by evidence evaluators utilizing a literature pool of 287 articles identified by the panelists using a structured search strategy. Evidence evaluators, using panel‐designed templates and data extraction tools, summarized evidence and created guideline recommendations that then were integrated by diagnosis and comorbidity domain chairs. The revised PECO responses underwent a Delphi survey process to reach consensus on final guidelines. A combination of panel expertise and PECO responses were employed to develop algorithms for diagnosis of ITP in dogs and cats, which also underwent 4 iterations of Delphi review. Comorbidity evidence evaluators employed an integrated measure of evidence (IME) tool to determine evidence quality for each comorbidity; IME values combined with evidence summaries for each comorbidity were integrated to develop ITP screening recommendations, which also were subjected to Delphi review. Commentary was solicited from multiple relevant professional organizations before finalizing the consensus. The final consensus statement provides clinical guidelines for the diagnosis of, and underlying disease screening for, ITP in dogs and cats. The systematic consensus process identified numerous knowledge gaps that should guide future studies. This statement is a companion manuscript to the ACVIM Consensus Statement on the Treatment of Immune Thrombocytopenia.

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“…Consequently, the nRBCs are accompanied by reticulocytosis, which can be appreciated as polychromasia and anisocytosis upon blood smear evaluation. Inappropriate normoblastosis in dogs and cats is commonly associated with different pathological processes such as lead toxicity, heatstroke, splenic disorders, or bone marrow injury secondary to, e.g., neoplasia, hypoxia, septicemia, or drug administration [4][5][6][7][8]. Additionally, inappropriate normoblastosis is described in congenital dyserythropoiesis in English Springer Spaniel and familial Poodle macrocytosis [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Sysmex XN-V Automated Nucleated Red Blood Cell Enumeration for Canine and Feline EDTA-Anticoagulated Blood

Ginders,

Stirn,

Novacco

et al. 2024

Animals

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The enumeration of nRBCs (nucleated red blood cells) by manual counting is time-consuming and imprecise. As the first veterinary hematology analyzer, Sysmex XN-V provides automated nRBC counts. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Sysmex XN-V in the enumeration of nRBCs for cats and dogs by comparing automated nRBC counts to manual counts from a total of 3810 canine and 2844 feline specimens. Repeatability, reproducibility, stability, carry-over, and linearity were assessed. The repeatability and reproducibility of Sysmex XN-V were good, with mean coefficients of variation (CV) of 4.5% and 5.4%, respectively. Bland–Altman difference analysis revealed mean biases shown as nRBCs/100 WBCs of 0.01 in dogs and 0.11 in cats with low nRBCs (<5/100 WBCs), mean biases of −1.27 in dogs and −0.24 in cats with moderate nRBC counts (5–20 nRBCs/100 WBCs), and mean biases of −7.76 in dogs and −1.31 in cats with high nRBC counts (>20 nRBCs/100 WBCs). The total observable error was below 9% in both species and at all ranges. Overall concordance between methods was high (91% in canine and 93% in feline samples). The automated nRBC count by Sysmex XN-V was found to be accurate and precise and can replace manual counts for cat and dog samples. Non-statistical quality assurance by scattergram evaluation, re-gating, and confirmation by blood smear evaluation is, however, recommended, especially in cases with severe normoblastosis. This advancement will save time, reduce errors, and add prognostic value to hematological results for animal patients.

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Erythrocyte dysplasia in peripheral blood smears from 5 thrombocytopenic dogs treated with vincristine sulfate

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Nucleated erythrocytes in blood smears of dogs undergoing chemotherapy

Nucleated erythrocytes in blood smears of dogs undergoing chemotherapy

ACVIM consensus statement on the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia in dogs and cats

Validation of the Sysmex XN-V Automated Nucleated Red Blood Cell Enumeration for Canine and Feline EDTA-Anticoagulated Blood

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