Erythrobacter atlanticus sp. nov., a bacterium from ocean sediment able to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Abstract

A Gram-stain-negative, motile, rod-shaped, orange-pigmented bacterium able to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was isolated from deep-sea sediment of the Atlantic Ocean and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The strain, designated s21-N3 T , could grow at 4-37 8C (optimum 28 8C), at pH 5-10 (optimum pH 7-8) and with 1-7 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2-3 %). Strain s21-N3 T was positive for nitrate reduction, denitrification, aesculin hydrolysis, oxidase and catalase, but negative for indole production and urease. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain s21-N3 T formed a distinct branch within the genus Erythrobacter, sharing high similarities with three closely related strains, Erythrobacter marinus HWDM-33 T (98.67 %), 'Erythrobacter luteus' KA37 (97.80 %) and Erythrobacter gangjinensis K7-2 T (97.59 %). The similarities between strain s21-N3 T and other type strains of recognized species within the genus Erythrobacter ranged from 95.00 to 96.47 %. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization values and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain s21-N3 T and the three closely related strains Erythrobacter marinus HWDM-33 T , 'Erythrobacter luteus' KA37 and Erythrobacter gangjinensis K7-2 T were 18.60, 18.00 and 18.50 % and 74.24, 72.49 and 72.54 %, respectively. The principal fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C 18 : 1 v7c/v6c) and summed feature 3 (C 16 : 1 v7c/v6c). The respiratory lipoquinone was identified as Q-10. The major polar lipids comprised sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and diphosphatidylglycerol. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was determined to be 58.18 mol%. The combined genotypic and phenotypic distinctiveness demonstrated that strain s21-N3 T represents a novel species of the genus Erythrobacter, for which the name Erythrobacter atlanticus sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain s21-N3 T (5MCCC 1A00519 T 5KCTC 42697 T ).Erythrobacter, the type genus of the family Erythrobacteraceae, was originally proposed by Shiba & Simidu (1982).Members of this genus are Gram-stain-negative, orange-or pink-pigmented bacteria. At the time of writing, the genus Erythrobacter comprises 17 species: Erythrobacter longus (Shiba & Simidu, 1982), E. litoralis (Yurkov et al., 1994) (Lei et al., 2015). In the present study, the aim 3These authors contributed equally to the paper.Abbreviations: ANI, average nucleotide identity; dDDH, digital DNA-DNA hybridization; PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene and complete genome sequences of Erythrobacter atlanticus s21-N3 T are KP994305 and CP011310, respectively. Accession numbers for the draft genome sequences of E. marinus HWDM-33 T , 'E. luteus' KA37 and E. gangjinensis K7-2 T are LBHU00000000, LBHB00000000 and LBHC00000000, respectively. was to determine the exact taxonomic position of strain s21-N3 T using a polyphasic approach.During an investigation of the polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbon-degrading bac...

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A Comparison of 14 Erythrobacter Genomes Provides Insights into the Genomic Divergence and Scattered Distribution of Phototrophs

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