Erythema Multiforme Attributable to Herpes Simplex Virus: Clinical Aspects and Treatment

Abstract

Erythema multiforme is an acute mucocutaneous hypersensitivity reaction with various etiological factors, including herpes simplex virus, medications, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies, but the most common cause is infection by herpes simplex virus. The most characteristic feature is the presence of “target lesions.” There are no specific diagnostic tests for EM, and the diagnosis is based on clinical signs and symptoms and biopsy if required. We report a case of recurrent herpes-associated erythema multiforme managed with prophylactic acyclovir for 6 months: a 17-year-old boy had recurrent cutaneous lesions as well as lesions in the oral cavity and lips. Positive serology for herpes simplex virus and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis.

Bullous erythema multiforme secondary to fluconazole intake: A unique case report managed with photobiomodulation therapy

“…In drug-induced cases, rapid identification and drug withdrawal are essential. [ 15 16 ] As the majority of treatment recommendations rely on case series or expert opinion, the management of severe cases is still unclear, which includes many systemic agents and even hospitalization. [ 14 ]…”

Reactivated herpetic gingivostomatitis with secondary herpes‐associated erythema multiforme and oral candidiasis post‐COVID infection: A case report

“…Erythema multiforme (EM) describes acute, self‐limited multiform mucocutaneous eruptions that are hypersensitivity reactions secondary to infectious agents like HSV, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae , hepatitis C virus, and Coxsackie virus, with the second most frequently identified etiological factor being drugs 20 . Previous cases have reported and highlighted the clinical association of EM with HSV 21,22 . However, none have yet to document a series of connected viral, fungal, and autoimmune infections and reactions following a COVID‐19 illness.…”

“…20 Previous cases have reported and highlighted the clinical association of EM with HSV. 21,22 However, none have yet to document a series of connected viral, fungal, and autoimmune infections and reactions following a COVID-19 illness.…”