Eruptive history and K-Ar geochronology of the late Cenozoic Garibaldi volcanic belt, southwestern British Columbia

Green, Nathan L.; Armstrong, R. L.; Harakal, J. E.; Souther, J G; Read, P B

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1988)100<0563:ehakag>2.3.co;2

Cited by 73 publications

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“…Further details concerning the nature and distribution of the deposits derived from the 2360 BP eruption are described in detail by Stasiuk and Russell (1990). Background information on the Cheakamus basalt lava flow can be found in Green et al (1988) and Nicholls et al (1982).…”

Section: Field Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of volcanic deposits with ground-penetrating radar

Russell

Stasiuk

1997

Bulletin of Volcanology

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Field-based studies of surficial volcanic deposits are commonly complicated by a combination of poor exposure and rapid lateral variations controlled by unknown paleotopography. The potential of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) as an aid to volcanological studies is shown using data collected from traverses over four well-exposed, Recent volcanic deposits in western Canada. The deposits comprise a pumice airfall deposit (3-4 m thick), a basalt lava flow (3-6 m thick), a pyroclastic flow deposit (15 m thick), and an internally stratified pumice talus deposit (60 m thick). Results show that GPR is effective in delineating major stratigraphic contacts and hence can be used to map unexposed deposits. Different volcanic deposits also exhibit different radar stratigraphic character, suggesting that deposit type may be determined from radar images. In addition, large blocks within the pyroclastic deposits are detected as distinctive point diffractor patterns in the profiles, showing that the technique has potential for providing important grain-size information in coarse poorly sorted deposits. Laboratory measurements of dielectric constant (K') are reported for samples of the main rock types and are compared with values of K' for the bulk deposit as inferred from the field data. The laboratory values differ significantly from the "field" values of K'; these results suggest that the effectiveness of GPR at any site can be substantially improved by initial calibration of well-exposed locations.

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Section: Field Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1; Table 1). The basalt is holocrystalline and lithologically homogeneous (Nicholls et al 1982;Green et al 1988). The lava flow is 3-6 m thick, poorly vesicular and has both regular vertical columnar joints (0.7 m spacing) and irregular subhorizontal joints (Fig.…”

Section: Cheakamus Valley Basalt Lava (Site 1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of volcanic deposits with ground-penetrating radar

Russell

Stasiuk

1997

Bulletin of Volcanology

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“…1), the northernmost segment of the Cascade magmatic arc (Green et al 1988; Guffanti and Weaver 1988;Read 1990;Sherrod and Smith 1990;Hickson 1994), which includes Mount Baker and Glacier Peak in Washington. Quaternary volcanism along the Cascade magmatic arc is related to subduction of the Juan de Fuca plate beneath North America (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanology of the 2350 B.P. Eruption of Mount Meager Volcanic Complex, British Columbia, Canada: implications for Hazards from Eruptions in Topographically Complex Terrain

Hickson¹,

Russell

Stasiuk

1999

Bulletin of Volcanology

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The Pebble Creek Formation (previously known as the Bridge River Assemblage) comprises the eruptive products of a 2350 calendar year B.P. eruption of the Mount Meager volcanic complex and two rock avalanche deposits. Volcanic rocks of the Pebble Creek Formation are the youngest known volcanic rocks of this complex. They are dacitic in composition and contain phenocrysts of plagioclase, orthopyroxene, amphibole, biotite and minor oxides in a glassy groundmass. The eruption was episodic, and the formation comprises fallout pumice (Bridge River tephra), pyroclastic flows, lahars and a lava flow. It also includes a unique form of welded block and ash breccia derived from collapsing fronts of the lava flow. This Merapi-type breccia dammed the Lillooet River. Collapse of the dam triggered a flood that flowed down the Lillooet Valley. The flood had an estimated total volume of 10 9 m 3 and inundated the Lillooet Valley to a depth of at least 30 m above the paleo-valley floor 5.5 km downstream of the blockage. Rock avalanches comprising mainly blocks of Plinth Assemblage volcanic rocks (an older formation making up part of the Mount Meager volcanic complex) underlie and overlie the primary volcanic units of the Formation. Both rock avalanches are unrelated to the 2350 B.P. eruption, although the posteruption avalanche may have its origins in the oversteepened slopes created by the explosive phase of the eruption. Much of the stratigraphic complexity evident in the Pebble Creek Formation results from deposition in a narrow, steep-sided mountain valley containing a major river.

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“…Local geology consists primarily of diorite, granodiorite and quartz diorite plutons with minor occurrences of metamorphic rocks, all of Jurassic-Cretaceous age and typical of the Coast Plutonic Complex (Roddick et al, 1979). Quaternary rocks of the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt extend discontinuously across the drainage basin in a roughly north-northwest direction from the head of Howe Sound (Green et al, 1988). The local mountains range in elevation from 1500-2000 m with the higher peaks reaching 3000 m. Partitioning the mountains are deep U-shaped valleys reflecting the former presence of glaciers, most recently during the Fraser Glaciation.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fluvial Reworking of Late Pleistocene Drift, Squamish River Drainage Basin, Southwestern British Colombia

Brooks¹

2007

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Reworked glacial sediment(s) (RGS) represents the component of paraglacial sedimentation derived from the fluvial reworking of late Pleistocene glacial deposits in the postglacial landscape. In Squamish River drainage basin, southwestern British Columbia, the primary source of the RGS transferred to Squamish Valley is fluvial incision into valley-fill deposits in the five major tributary valleys of the watershed. The total volume of RGS transferred to Squamish Valley is 415 x 106m3. The volume of RGS from the individual tributary valleys range from 6 to 130 x 106m3 with valley morphology and late Quaternary history being the important controls upon the specific amount. Geomorphic evidence indicates that the bulk of the RGS was contributed to Squamish Valley thousands of years ago. The transfer of RGS continues at a very low residual rate in the contemporary landscape. RGS appear to represent a minor portion of the Squamish valley-fill and a small component of the postglacial sediments stored in Squamish Valley.Les sédiments glaciaires remaniés sont une composante de la sédimentation périglaciaire issue du remaniement fluviatile des dépôts glaciaires dans le paysage postglaciaire. Dans le bassin versant de la Squamish River, la principale source de sédiments glaciaires remaniés provient d'un encaissement fluvial dans les matériaux de remblaiement des cinq principales vallées tributaires du bassin-versant. La quantité de matériaux transportée de ces vallées tributaires à la vallée Squamish est de 415 x 106m3. Les volumes impliqués à partir de chacune des vallées varient de 6 à 130 x 106m3, la morphologie de la vallée et le type d'évolution au Quaternaire supérieur étant les principaux facteurs intervenant dans les quantités exportées. Les données géomorphologiques démontrent que la plus grande partie de l'apport sédimentaire était déjà répartie dans la vallée Squamish il y a des milliers d'années, mais qu'il se poursuit à un taux résiduel dans le paysage actuel. Les dépôts glaciaires remaniés représentent une composante mineure de l'approvisionnement de sédiments postglaciaires dans la vallée de la Squamish River.Umgestaltete glaziale Sedimente sind ein Bestandteil der paragiazialen Sedimentierung, die aus der fluviatilen Umgestaltung glazialer Ablagerungen des spàten Pleistozâns in der postglazialen Landschaft hervorgegangen ist. Im Emahrungsbecken des Squamish River, sùdwestliches British Columbia, ist die Hauptquelle der zum Squamish-Tal transportierten umgearbeiteten glazialen Sedimente fluviatiles Ein-schneiden in die Talaufschùttungsablagerungen in den fùnf wichtigsten Nebentàlern des Flussbeckens. Das gesamte Volumen der zum Squamish-Tal transportierten umgestalteten glazialen Sedimente betràgt 415 x 106m3. Das Volumen des Materials von den einzelnen Nebentàlern reicht von 6 bis 130 x 106m3, wobei Talmorphologie und Geschichte im spàten Quaternàr die wichtigen Kontrollfaktoren fur die jeweilige Menge darstellen. Geomorphologische Daten zeigen, dass der grôsste Teil der umgestalteten glazialen Ablagerungen sc...

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Eruptive history and K-Ar geochronology of the late Cenozoic Garibaldi volcanic belt, southwestern British Columbia

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of volcanic deposits with ground-penetrating radar

Characterization of volcanic deposits with ground-penetrating radar

Volcanology of the 2350 B.P. Eruption of Mount Meager Volcanic Complex, British Columbia, Canada: implications for Hazards from Eruptions in Topographically Complex Terrain

The Fluvial Reworking of Late Pleistocene Drift, Squamish River Drainage Basin, Southwestern British Colombia

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