Error-Related Processing Dysfunction in Children Aged 9 to 12 Years Presenting Putative Antecedents of Schizophrenia

Laurens, Kristin R.; Hodgins, Sheilagh; Mould, Glenn L.; West, Sophie; Schoenberg, Poppy L. A.; Murray, Robin M.; Taylor, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.07.030

Cited by 46 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Reduction of ERN amplitude is a robust abnormality reported in multiple studies of cases with established schizophrenia (Kopp and Rist, 1999;Alain et al, 2002;Bates et al, 2002;Mathalon et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2006;Morris et al, 2006Morris et al, , 2008Mathalon et al, 2009;Horan et al, 2011;Perez et al, 2011). While there is some evidence that the abnormality diminishes during treatment (Bates et al, 2004), recent studies report abnormal ERN in individuals exhibiting behaviour indicating risk of schizophrenia (Laurens et al, 2010) and in clinical high-risk individuals (Perez et al, 2011). This indicates that abnormality of ERN can be detected in individuals at risk who have not yet developed overt illness, and raises the possibility that it might be detectable in cases at genetic high-risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Error processing-associated event-related potentials in schizophrenia and unaffected siblings

Simmonite¹,

Bates²,

Groom³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Error processing-associated event-related potentials in schizophrenia and unaffected siblings

Simmonite¹,

Bates²,

Groom³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…Research has only recently begun on neurogenetics, imaging, electrophysiology and cognition among individuals with psychotic symptoms. 32,33,[42][43][44][45] Much more work will be necessary to explore the role of psychotic symptoms -symptoms which, to date, have been largely considered features of psychotic illness -in the aetiology of a broad range of non-psychotic psychiatric disorders.…”

Section: Implications Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological significance of psychotic experiences in non-psychotic young people: evidence from four population-based studies

et al. 2012

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Hallucinations and delusions, the classic symptoms of psychosis, have recently been documented to occur at a much higher prevalence in the general population than clinically diagnosed psychotic disorder.1 A meta-analysis of prevalence studies of psychotic symptoms in young people demonstrated a median prevalence of 17% in children aged 9-12 years and 7.5% in adolescents aged 13-18 years.2 As the term suggests, psychotic symptoms have typically been considered to relate to psychotic disorder. Indeed, research has shown that members of the general population who report psychotic symptoms share a wide range of risk factors with people with schizophrenia (see Kelleher & Cannon for review), [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] and young people who report psychotic symptoms have been found to be at increased risk of psychotic disorder in adulthood.10,11 Individuals who report psychotic symptoms are also more likely to report non-psychotic psychopathological symptoms, especially symptoms of depression; [12][13][14][15][16] Yung et al, for example, reported that individuals who had a diagnosed depressive disorder endorsed an increased number of psychotic symptoms on the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences questionnaire compared with controls.17 Bartels-Velthuis et al found that young adolescents who disclosed psychotic symptoms were approximately 3-5 times more likely to score in the clinical psychopathology range on the parent-completed Child Behavior Checklist. Community-based studies to date, however, have relied mainly upon questionnaires to assess psychotic symptoms and have involved limited data on non-psychotic psychopathology. In addition, although research suggests that psychotic symptoms are more common in younger than in older children, 2 there is a lack of information on whether there are differences in the clinical significance of psychotic symptoms across different stages of adolescence. In an attempt to improve our understanding of the clinical significance of psychotic symptoms in the general population we examined data from four population studies, comprising two large population surveys and two in-depth clinical interview studies of psychotic symptoms. The aims of this work were to investigate whether psychotic symptoms predicted nonpsychotic clinical diagnoses, and if so, which disorders; to investigate whether psychotic symptoms predicted more clinically severe disorder in terms of comorbid psychopathology (i.e. having more than one diagnosis); and to investigate whether the significance of psychotic symptoms varied as a function of age. MethodSurvey studies Background Epidemiological research has shown that hallucinations and delusions, the classic symptoms of psychosis, are far more prevalent in the population than actual psychotic disorder. These symptoms are especially prevalent in childhood and adolescence. Longitudinal research has demonstrated that psychotic symptoms in adolescence increase the risk of psychotic disorder in adulthood. There has been a lack of research, however, on the immediate clini...

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“…From a neurobiological perspective, psychotic symptoms appear to index subtle differences in brain structure 42 and function, 43,44 which may contribute to the increased risk for suicidal behavior. Jacobson et al 42 recently showed volumetric differences in the cingulum and orbitofrontal cortex in a sample of adolescents with psychotic symptoms, 2 centers that are known to play important roles in emotion processing and stress regulation.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychotic Symptoms in Adolescence Index Risk for Suicidal Behavior

Kelleher¹,

Lynch²,

Harley³

et al. 2012

Arch Gen Psychiatry

153

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CONTEXT Recent evidence from both clinical and population research has pointed to psychotic symptoms as potentially important markers of risk for suicidal behavior. However, to our knowledge, there have been no epidemiological studies to date that have reported data on psychotic symptoms and suicidality in individuals who have been clinically assessed for suicidal behavior. OBJECTIVES To explore associations between psychotic symptoms in nonpsychotic adolescents and risk for suicidal behavior in (1) the general population, (2) adolescents with psychiatric disorder, and (3) adolescents with suicidal ideation. DESIGN Two independently conducted case-control clinical interview studies. SETTING Population-based studies in Ireland. PARTICIPANTS Study 1 included 212 adolescents aged 11 to 13 years. Study 2 included 211 adolescents aged 13 to 15 years. Participants were recruited from schools. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Suicidal behavior and psychotic symptoms, assessed by semi-structured diagnostic clinical interview. RESULTS Psychotic symptoms were associated with a 10-fold increased odds of any suicidal behavior (ideation, plans, or acts) in both the early and middle adolescence studies (odds ratio [OR], 10.23; 95% CI, 3.25-32.26; P < .001 and OR, 10.5; 95% CI, 3.14-35.17; P < .001, respectively). Adolescents with depressive disorders who also experienced psychotic symptoms were at a nearly 14-fold increased odds of more severe suicidal behavior (suicide plans and suicide acts) compared with adolescents with depressive disorders who did not experience psychotic symptoms (OR, 13.7; 95% CI, 2.1-89.6). Among all adolescents with suicidal ideation, those who also reported psychotic symptoms had a nearly 20-fold increased odds of suicide plans and suicide acts compared with adolescents with suicidal ideation who did not report psychotic symptoms (OR, 19.6; 95% CI, 1.8-216.1). CONCLUSIONS Psychotic symptoms are strongly associated with increased risk for suicidal behavior in the general adolescent population and in adolescents with (nonpsychotic) psychiatric disorder. In both studies, an absolute majority of adolescents with more severe suicidal behavior (suicidal plans and acts) reported psychotic symptoms when directly questioned about this as part of a psychiatric interview. Assessment of psychotic symptoms should form a key part of suicide risk assessment.

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Error-Related Processing Dysfunction in Children Aged 9 to 12 Years Presenting Putative Antecedents of Schizophrenia

Cited by 46 publications

References 44 publications

Error processing-associated event-related potentials in schizophrenia and unaffected siblings

Error processing-associated event-related potentials in schizophrenia and unaffected siblings

Clinicopathological significance of psychotic experiences in non-psychotic young people: evidence from four population-based studies

Psychotic Symptoms in Adolescence Index Risk for Suicidal Behavior

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