Error Processing and Inhibitory Control in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Meta-analysis Using Statistical Parametric Maps

Norman, Luke; Taylor, Stephan F.; Liu, Yanni; Raduà, Joaquim; Chye, Yann; Wit, Stella J. de; Huyser, Chaim; Karahanoğlu, Fikret Işık; Luks, Tracy; Manoach, Dara S.; Mathews, Carol A.; Rubia, Katya; Suo, Chao; Heuvel, Odile A. van den; Yücel, Murat; Fitzgerald, Kate D.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.11.010

Cited by 136 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…consistent with other literature of alterations in circuits (e.g., frontostriatal, cingulo-opercular) supporting cognitive control processes in OCD (e.g., refs. [22][23][24][25]. Thus, we hypothesized that 1) relative to matched healthy participants, unmedicated patients with OCD would show increased conflict-related responses in frontostriatal and cingulo-opercular (e.g., insula, anterior cingulate cortex [ACC]) regions and 2) such activity would predict EX/RP outcomes.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Task-based fMRI predicts response and remission to exposure therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Pagliaccio

Middleton²,

Hezel³

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Exposure and ritual prevention (EX/RP) is an effective first-line treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but only some patients achieve minimal symptoms following EX/RP. Herein, we investigate whether task-based neural activity can predict who responds best to EX/RP. Unmedicated adult patients with OCD (n = 36) and healthy participants (n = 33) completed the Simon Spatial Incompatibility Task during high-resolution, multiband functional MRI (fMRI); patients were then offered twice-weekly EX/RP (17 sessions). Linear mixed-effects models were used to identify brain regions where conflict-related activity moderated the slope of change in Yale–Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores across treatment. Conflict-related activity in the left pallidum and 35 cortical parcels/regions significantly predicted symptom improvement with EX/RP for patients with OCD (false discovery rate-corrected P < 0.05). Significant parcels/regions included cingulo-opercular and default mode network regions, specifically the anterior insula and anterior and posterior cingulate. Summarizing across these parcels/regions, greater conflict-related activity predicted greater EX/RP response and which patients achieved remission (Y-BOCS score ≤ 12; Cohen’s d = 1.68) with >80% sensitivity and specificity. The association between brain activity and treatment response was partially mediated by patient EX/RP adherence (b = −2.99; 43.61% of total effect; P = 0.02). Brain activity and adherence together were highly predictive of remission. Together, these findings suggest that cingulo-opercular and default mode regions typically implicated in task control and introspective processes, respectively, may be targets for novel treatments that augment the ability of persons with OCD to resolve cognitive conflict and thereby facilitate adherence to EX/RP, increasing the likelihood of remission.

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Task-based fMRI predicts response and remission to exposure therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Pagliaccio

Middleton²,

Hezel³

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The regions identified here are known to be differentially activated to errors across a variety of cognitive tasks and populations (Neta et al, ; Norman et al, ). This is in keeping with the notion that premature responses are brought about by failure of control processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Network failures: When incentives trigger impulsive responses

Zhukovsky

Morein‐Zamir

Meng

et al. 2020

Human Brain Mapping

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Adequate control of impulsive urges to act is demanded in everyday life but is impaired in neuropsychiatric conditions such as stimulant use disorder. Despite intensive research it remains unclear whether failures in impulse control are caused by impaired suppression of behavior or by the over invigoration of behavior by stimuli associated with salient incentives such as drugs, food, and money. We investigated failures in impulse control using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to map the neural correlates of premature (impulsive) responses during the anticipation phase of the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task in healthy controls (HC), stimulant-dependent individuals (SDIs), and their unaffected first-degree siblings (SIB). We combined task-based fMRI analyses with dynamic causal modeling to show that failures of impulse control were associated with interactions between cinguloopercular and dorsal striatal networks regardless of group status and incentive type.We further report that group-specific incentive salience plays a critical role in modulating impulsivity in SDIs since drug-related incentives specifically increased premature responding and shifted task modulation away from the dorsal striatal network to the cingulo-opercular network. Our findings thus indicate that impulsive actions are elicited by salient personally-relevant incentive stimuli and those such slips of action recruit a distinct fronto-striatal network.

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“…26 Furthermore, a recent meta-analysis reported that activity in the ventral ACC is significantly reduced during inhibitory control. 27 The posterior cingulum is one important cluster of the default mode network. It is widely accepted that this network plays an important role in emotion processing and self-referential activity, including introspection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered response to risky decisions and reward in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder

Moreira

Macoveanu

Marques

et al. 2020

jpn

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Background: Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) employ ritualistic behaviours to reduce or even neutralize the anxiety provoked by their obsessions. The presence of excessive rumination and indecision has motivated the view of OCD as a disorder of decision-making. Most studies have focused on the "cold," cognitive aspects of decision-making. This study expands current understanding of OCD by characterizing the abnormalities associated with affective, or "hot" decision-making. Methods: We performed a functional MRI study in a sample of 34 patients with OCD and 33 sex-and age-matched healthy controls, during which participants made 2-choice gambles taking varying levels of risk. Results: During risky decisions, patients showed significantly reduced task-related activation in the posterior cingulum, lingual gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex. We identified significant group × risk interactions in the calcarine cortex, precuneus, amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex. During the outcome phase, patients with OCD showed stronger activation of the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex and putamen in response to unexpected losses. Limitations: The group of patients not receiving medication was very small (n = 5), which precluded us from assessing the effect of medication on risk-taking behaviour in these patients. Conclusion: Obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with abnormal brain activity patterns during risky decision-making in a set of brain regions that have been consistently implicated in the processing of reward prediction errors. Alterations in affective "hot" processes implicated in decision-making may contribute to increased indecisiveness and intolerance to uncertainty in patients with OCD.

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Error Processing and Inhibitory Control in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Meta-analysis Using Statistical Parametric Maps

Abstract: Error-processing and inhibitory control in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analysis using statistical parametric maps. Biological psychiatry.

Cited by 136 publications

References 99 publications

Task-based fMRI predicts response and remission to exposure therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Task-based fMRI predicts response and remission to exposure therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Network failures: When incentives trigger impulsive responses

Altered response to risky decisions and reward in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder

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