Error model of direct georeferencing procedure of terrestrial laser scanning

Pandžić, Jelena; Pejić, Marko; Božić, Branko; Erić, Verica

doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2017.01.003

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In [ 5 ], different charts are presented with the contribution to the uncertainty of a horizontal angle due to the uncertainty in the instrument centring. As an example, a centring error of 1 mm causes an error of 40 cc (≈ 13′′) in a horizontal angle of 150 grad (= 135°) in sights of 30 m. Because of its importance in the quality of a measure, different authors continue investigating the assessment of this uncertainty [ 4 , 6 , 7 ], the minimization of its influence [ 8 ] or its influence in error models [ 5 , 9 ]. Certain brands also continue improving the centring accuracy, for example the Trimble SX10, which takes an image of the ground mark [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Field Procedure for the Assessment of the Centring Uncertainty of Geodetic and Surveying Instruments

Balboa

Ruiz-Armenteros

Avi

et al. 2018

Sensors

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The uncertainty evaluation of survey measurements is a daily and essential task in any surveying work. The result of a measurement is, in fact, only complete when accompanied by a statement of its uncertainty. Miscentring, or centring error, is one of the sources of uncertainty in every basic survey measurement which may have a great effect on horizontal angle measurement for short distances. In the literature, different terms and values are considered to refer to this source of uncertainty. Standard ISO 17123 provides different procedures for assessing the measurement uncertainty of geodetic and surveying instruments, with the aim of checking their suitability for the intending and immediate task in field conditions. ISO 17123 is aware of the importance of uncertainty in the instrument centring, but it does not propose any standardised procedure for its assessment. In this study, we propose such a procedure following a Type A evaluation (through the statistical analysis of series of observations), avoiding using values from Type B evaluations (from manufacturer’s specifications, handbooks, personal experiences, etc.) that could be unsuitable for the conditions of the task. Uncertainty can be individualised for a particular instrument (which includes the plummet type), ground mark, operator, and other factors on which the results could be dependent. The testing methodology includes a configuration of the test field, measurements, and calculation, following the structure of each part of the standard ISO 17123. An experimental application is included with two different total stations, which also includes a statistical analysis of the results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Field Procedure for the Assessment of the Centring Uncertainty of Geodetic and Surveying Instruments

Balboa

Ruiz-Armenteros

Avi

et al. 2018

Sensors

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“…The process of combining point clouds from different scanner positions is called registration. There are various methods to register point clouds, the description of which may be found, among others, in References [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Modern laser scanners are able to measure even up to one million points within one second.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy Assessment of Semi-Automatic Measuring Techniques Applied to Displacement Control in Self-Balanced Pile Capacity Testing Appliance

Muszyński

Rybak

Kaczor

2018

Sensors

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Static load tests of foundation piles are the basic method for the designing or verification of adopted design solutions which concern the foundation of a building structure. Preparation of a typical test station using the so-called inverted beam method is very expensive and labor-intensive. The settlement values of the loaded pile are usually recorded using accurate dial gauges. These gauges are attached to a reference beam located in close proximity to the pile under test, which may cause systematic errors (difficult to detect) caused by the displacement of the adopted reference beam. The application of geodetic methods makes it possible to maintain an independent, external reference system, and to verify the readouts from dial gauges. The article presents an innovative instrumentation for a self-balanced stand for the static load test made from a closed-end, double steel pipe. Instead of typical, precise geometric leveling, the semi-automatic measuring techniques were used: motorized total station measurement and terrestrial laser scanning controlled by a computer. The processing of the acquired data made it possible to determine the vertical displacements of both parts of the examined pile and compare displacements with the results from the dial gauges. On the basis of the excess of the collected observations, it was possible to assess the accuracy, which confirmed the usefulness of measuring techniques under study.

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“…Although there are many advantages to direct georeferencing, they also have some new problems. Pandzic analyzed the error sources of point positions captured though the station-orientation procedure, which mainly includes the uncertainty in scanner position and azimuth angle as well as observation errors [17]. In other words, the data quality is limited by the measurement accuracy of the external sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Automatic Coordinate Unification Method of Multitemporal Point Clouds Based on Virtual Reference Datum Detection

Sun

Wang

Jin

2020

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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Error model of direct georeferencing procedure of terrestrial laser scanning

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

A Field Procedure for the Assessment of the Centring Uncertainty of Geodetic and Surveying Instruments

A Field Procedure for the Assessment of the Centring Uncertainty of Geodetic and Surveying Instruments

Accuracy Assessment of Semi-Automatic Measuring Techniques Applied to Displacement Control in Self-Balanced Pile Capacity Testing Appliance

An Automatic Coordinate Unification Method of Multitemporal Point Clouds Based on Virtual Reference Datum Detection

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