Error bars in experimental biology

Cumming, Geoff; Fidler, Fiona; Vaux, David L.

doi:10.1083/jcb.200611141

Cited by 767 publications

(499 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Data are represented as mean±SEM, if not stated otherwise 47. Given the exploratory‐driven character of MIF and sCD74 dose experiments on cell viability as well as signaling studies, normally distributed data were analyzed using a 2‐tailed, unpaired t test without multiple‐test adjustments in order to increase the power to detect real effects that would be otherwise compromised 48.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble CD74 Reroutes MIF/CXCR4/AKT‐Mediated Survival of Cardiac Myofibroblasts to Necroptosis

Soppert

Kraemer

Beckers

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundAlthough macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been demonstrated to mediate cardioprotection in ischemia/reperfusion injury and antagonize fibrotic effects through its receptor, CD74, the function of the soluble CD74 receptor ectodomain (sCD74) and its interaction with circulating MIF have not been explored in cardiac disease.Methods and ResultsCardiac fibroblasts were isolated from hearts of neonatal mice and differentiated into myofibroblasts. Co‐treatment with recombinant MIF and sCD74 induced cell death (P<0.001), which was mediated by receptor‐interacting serine/threonine‐protein kinase (RIP)1/RIP3‐dependent necroptosis (P=0.0376). This effect was specific for cardiac fibroblasts and did not affect cardiomyocytes. Gene expression analyses using microarray and RT‐qPCR technology revealed a 4‐fold upregulation of several interferon‐induced genes upon co‐treatment of myofibroblasts with sCD74 and MIF (Ifi44: P=0.011; Irg1: P=0.022; Clec4e: P=0.011). Furthermore, Western blot analysis confirmed the role of sCD74 as a modulator of MIF signaling by diminishing MIF‐mediated protein kinase B (AKT) activation (P=0.0197) and triggering p38 activation (P=0.0641). We obtained evidence that sCD74 inhibits MIF‐mediated survival pathway through the C‐X‐C chemokine receptor 4/AKT axis, enabling the induction of CD74‐dependent necroptotic processes in cardiac myofibroblasts. Preliminary clinical data revealed a lowered sCD74/MIF ratio in heart failure patients (17.47±10.09 versus 1.413±0.6244).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that treatment of cardiac myofibroblasts with sCD74 and MIF induces necroptosis, offering new insights into the mechanism of myofibroblast depletion during scar maturation. Preliminary clinical data provided first evidence about a clinical relevance of the sCD74/MIF axis in heart failure, suggesting that these proteins may be a promising target to modulate cardiac remodeling and disease progression in heart failure.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble CD74 Reroutes MIF/CXCR4/AKT‐Mediated Survival of Cardiac Myofibroblasts to Necroptosis

Soppert

Kraemer

Beckers

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…As a minimum, however, one should not use less than seven independent samples. [21] It is important to make sure that experiments with surrogate samples are independent, not just replications; [22,23] for example, spiking different levels of an antigen into aliquots of plasma from the same sample would not provide the same amount of variation in the background as spiking antigen into plasma from different samples. If using surrogate samples, it is important to consult closely with a clinical specialist to understand limitations of the surrogate for the test that the device performs.…”

Section: When Is a Device Ready For Field Work?mentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Bench to the Field in Low‐Cost Diagnostics: Two Case Studies

et al. 2015

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Despite the growth of research in universities on point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostics for global health, most devices never leave the laboratory. The processes that move diagnostic technology from the laboratory to the field—the processes intended to evaluate operation and performance under realistic conditions—are more complicated than they might seem. Two case studies illustrate this process: the development of a paper‐based device to measure liver function, and the development of a device to identify sickle cell disease based on aqueous multiphase systems (AMPS) and differences in the densities of normal and sickled cells. Details of developing these devices provide strategies for forming partnerships, prototyping devices, designing studies, and evaluating POC diagnostics. Technical and procedural lessons drawn from these experiences may be useful to those designing diagnostic tests for developing countries, and more generally, technologies for use in resource‐limited environments.

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“…Para la estimación y comparación de q D se usó el mismo nivel de cobertura de muestreo entre comunidades (Chao et al 2014), el cálculo de la diversidad se realizó usando 100 aleatorizaciones con intervalos de confianza del 95%. Los datos de riqueza y abundancia se evaluaron a escala espacial, entre estaciones de muestreo, por medio de gráficos de cajas y dispersión (Cumming et al 2007). La exploración de los datos se realizó con el programa R 3.3.0 (R Core Team c2015).…”

Section: Análisis De Datosunclassified

Grupos funcionales alimentarios de insectos acuáticos en quebradas andinas afectadas por agricultura y minería

2017

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RESUMENLos insectos acuáticos son indicadores ecológicos de perturbación antrópica y actualmente existe una tendencia a explorar el enfoque funcional como herramienta para la evaluación de la calidad del agua. Los insectos pueden cambiar el modo y tipo de adquisición de alimento de acuerdo con las condiciones del medio. Se evaluó la influencia del impacto agrícola y minero sobre la diversidad, los grupos funcionales alimentarios y gremios tróficos de insectos acuáticos en la cuenca alta del río Chinchiná (Caldas, Colombia). Se eligieron dos localidades una minera y otra agrícola, y en cada una se evaluaron dos quebradas, una de referencia y otra impactada. Mediante red Surber se recolectaron 8239 individuos agrupados en ocho ordenes, 36 familias y 71 taxones (Ĉn=100%). Se analizó el contenido intestinal de los individuos de los nueve géneros más abundantes y según el porcentaje de material ingerido se clasificaron como: fragmentadores, recolectores, depredadores, raspadores y filtradores. El tipo de alimento no cambió entre zonas de referencia e impactadas, los recolectores fueron dominantes en el área de estudio, seguidos por los fragmentadores. La mayor diversidad estuvo asociada a las quebradas no impactadas. No se evidenciaron cambios en la dieta de los insectos acuáticos, posiblemente debido a la disponibilidad de recursos. La actividad agrícola presentó el efecto negativo más fuerte sobre la diversidad del grupo, lo que puede estar asociado tanto con la extensión de los cultivos hasta las quebradas, con la consecuente pérdida de la vegetación ribereña y con el uso de agroquímicos.Palabras clave. Invertebrados acuáticos, gremios tróficos, contenido intestinal, ecosistemas lóticos, Andes colombianos. ABSTRACTAquatic insects are ecological indicators of human disturbance and currently there is the tendency to use the functional approach as a potential tool to evaluate water quality. Insects can change the food acquisition mode and the type according to environmental conditions. This study aims to evaluate the influence of the agricultural and mining impacts upon the diversity and dominance of aquatic insect feeding functional groups and trophic guilds found upstream in the Chinchiná River (Caldas, Colombia). Two localities were selected, one with mining and one with agriculture activities, in each locality we evaluated a reference and an impacted creek. A total of 8239 individuals were collected using a Surber net; these are

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Error bars in experimental biology

Cited by 767 publications

References 8 publications

Soluble CD74 Reroutes MIF/CXCR4/AKT‐Mediated Survival of Cardiac Myofibroblasts to Necroptosis

Soluble CD74 Reroutes MIF/CXCR4/AKT‐Mediated Survival of Cardiac Myofibroblasts to Necroptosis

From the Bench to the Field in Low‐Cost Diagnostics: Two Case Studies

Grupos funcionales alimentarios de insectos acuáticos en quebradas andinas afectadas por agricultura y minería

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