Erratum to: The influence of long distance running on sonographic joint and tendon pathology: results from a prospective study with marathon runners

Significant effusion in the joints of the lower extremity after running an ultramarathon in extreme conditions

“…At the Munich Marathon, sonographic joint effusion was assessed. (Proft et al, 2016) The authors did not find any differences of joint effusion before and after the marathon, while more sensitive MRI measurements of runners before and after marathons showed increases of knee effusion in some of the participants. (Krampla et al, 2001;Schueller-Weidekamm, Schueller, Uffmann, & Bader, 2006a) Our findings of significant amounts of effusion in most ultramarathon runners with sonography suggest a more pronounced effect of the more strenuous exercise on the lower extremities.…”

“…(Gaulrapp;Jacobson, Ruangchaijatuporn, Khoury, & Magerkurth, 2017;Kane, Balint, & Sturrock, 2003;Terslev et al, 2012) The effusion was graded 0-3 according to Hartung et al -an ultrasound score originally developed for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, which has also been used to evaluate other populations, including marathon runners. (Hartung et al, 2012;Proft et al, 2016). The grading in knee and ankle was as follows: Grade 1: joint capsule distension parallel to bone, Grade 2: joint capsule distension straight, Grade 3: joint capsule distension convex.…”

“…(Frey et al, 1994) Surprisingly, anthropometric data and data on lower extremities is scarce for ultramarathons, although these are frequently studied topics in other running disciplines especially in classic marathons. (Proft et al, 2016;Salinero et al, 2017;Tanda & Knechtle, 2013;Theysohn et al, 2013;Vernillo et al, 2013;Yang, Wang, Bao, & Hu, 2015) Leg circumference changes and contractile function were measured in mountain ultra-marathons with electrical stimulation, suggesting the increase in calf circumference and hydric volume were associated with contractile impairment in the calf of ultramarathon runners. (Vitiello et al, 2015) Increases in circumference can be associated with increased joint effusion.…”

“…(Kingston, Toms, Ghosh-Ray, & Johnston-Downing, 2009) Munich marathon participants were examined in 2016 where joint effusion was evaluated sonographically at the patellar tendon and no significant change of joint effusion was found after running a marathon. (Proft et al, 2016) It has been shown that running in hot and extreme hot conditions can lead to higher postcompetition core temperatures and higher levels of muscle damage occurred. (Bergeron, 2014;Del Coso et al, 2014) Cold conditions in ultramarathons have been reported to lead to higher average running speed, loss of weight and hyponatremia more frequently (Case, Evans, Tibbets, & Miller, 1995;Parise & Hoffman, 2011;Stuempfle et al, 2002).…”

“…Our hypothesis was that acute joint effusions in ultramarathoners occur more frequently than reported and that these do not effect race performance." (Proft et al, 2016).…”