“…16 The reorientation stage is thought to be mediated by merozoite ligands released from apical organelles to erythrocytes, including 2 ligand families, P falciparum reticulocyte-binding protein homologs (PfRhs) and erythrocyte-binding-like proteins. [17][18][19][20] Among those, 4 receptor-ligand pairs, glycophorin A-EBA175, 21 glycophorin C-EBA140, [22][23][24] complement receptor 1 (CR1)-PfRh4, 25 and CD147-PfRh5 11,26,27 are involved at this stage, of which the CD147-PfRh5 interaction is the only one that is essential for the parasite invasion. The TJ formation and motility involve 2 parasitesecreted proteins, P. falciparum apical membrane antigen (PfAMA1) and rhoptry neck protein 2 (RON2), to form an AMA1-RON2 complex.…”