Erratum to: Spatial analysis and temporal trends of daily precipitation concentration in the Mantaro River basin: central Andes of Peru

Zubieta, Ricardo; Saavedra, Miguel; Silva, Yamina; Giráldez, Lucy

doi:10.1007/s00477-016-1247-1

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Using polarimetric radars, operating in different bands (S, X, C, and W), rainfall rate estimation by reflectivity can be improved by different combinations of polarimetric parameters besides Z, so as differential reflectivity dry or wet seasons [18]. Using data of daily precipitation, [21] found that 35% of the rainiest days generate 71% of the amount of the total rain, approximately. Similarly, [11] using data of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission precipitation radar (PR-TRMM) and Global Precipitation Measurement precipitation radar in Ku band (PRKu-GPM) found that percentages of occurrence of convective and stratiform precipitation in the areas of the Andes are 30% and 70% while their cumulative contributions to rainfall are 54% and 46%, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal Cycle of Raindrops Size Distribution in a Valley of the Peruvian Central Andes

et al. 2019

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In the Central Andes of Peru, convective and stratiform rainfall occurs, frequently associated with convective storms. The raindrop size distributions (RSD), measured by a Parsivel-2 optical disdrometer, were characterized by the variation of their normalized parameters. The RSD dataset includes measurements corresponding to 18 months between 2017 and 2019. As a result, it was found that the mass-weighted mean diameter Dm and the Nw parameter present respectively high and low values, in the interval of 15-20 LST (local standard time), wherein deeper and more active clouds appear. The events including convective rainfall contribute 67.5% of the accumulated total, wherein 92% corresponds to the 15-20 LST interval. It is concluded that the spectral variability of the RSD is strongly controlled by the cloudiness configuration field developing over the west (convection over highlands) and east (convection over Amazon) sides of the valley. In the afternoon, clouds develop and drift to the east, over the Andean valleys and towards the Amazon, intensified by local orographic circulation. The opposite happens at night, when the stratiform rainfall is dominant and it is controlled by clouds, located in the Inter-Andean valley, generated by the convection fields formed over the Amazon forest.Atmosphere 2020, 11, 38 2 of 21 (ZDR), differential phase shift (Φ DP ), cross-correlation coefficient (ρ hv ) and the specific differential phase (K DP ) [6].RSD variation in a specific case depends on the precipitation regime, climatological conditions, and geographical location [7,8]. Two main rain types can be defined as convective and stratiform, depending on the rain's spatial and temporal distribution and related to the cloud systems originating them, even if frequently the same cloud system produces both types of rain in different stages of its development and in different areas, in the case of complex and long living systems [9]. The relative weight of the different microphysical processes forming raindrops depends on the type of rainfall event. As convective rain originates in the updraft-downdraft circulation of convective clouds, a vigorous condensation-collision-coalescence process prevails in raindrop growth, producing high liquid water contents and relatively large drops, complemented with graupel and hail development by riming, which recycles in the vertical circulation, sometimes resulting in large raindrops in the rain shaft or hail on the ground [9,10]. In stratiform clouds, the vertical circulation is weaker, with slow and extended vertical ascent, favoring predominant steady drop growth by diffusion of water vapor into ice particles by the Bergeron-Findeisen process at temperatures below the melting point or vapor diffusion into droplets complemented by slow coalescence [9]. Meanwhile, the orographic component in the Andes is imposed as a forcing mechanism and the Andean clouds are deeper and more active than in neighboring areas as is the case for the transitional region between the Andes and the Amazon [11].Previo...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal Cycle of Raindrops Size Distribution in a Valley of the Peruvian Central Andes

et al. 2019

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Regionalización de la precipitación, su agresividad y concentración en la cuenca del río Guayas, Ecuador

Ilbay-Yupa

Zubieta

Lavado‐Casimiro

2019

lgr

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La agresividad de la lluvia contribuye a la erosividad del suelo en regiones de alta montaña, y por tal a la sedimentación en la parte baja de la cuenca. La reducción de incertidumbre acerca de la agresividad de la lluvia en regiones costeras y andinas contribuye a la formulación de medidas de mitigación que contribuyan a la reducción de erosión y pérdida de nutrientes. Este estudio presenta un análisis espacial y temporal de la agresividad climática en la cuenca del río Guayas ubicada en la costa y Andes ecuatoriales. Se seleccionó datos mensuales registrados de 30 estaciones pluviométricas para el periodo de 1968-2014. Se determinó zonas homogéneas de precipitación mediante el método k-means. Los resultados indicaron dos regiones homogeneas predominantes, la primera ubicada al oeste en la zona costera y andina (85.2% del área de la Cuenca), con un índice de agresividad alto y muy alto, mientras que la distribución de la precipitación en la segunda región (Alta montaña) resultó de muy baja a baja agresividad. La mayor agresividad potencial de la lluvia le corresponde una mayor acumulación de precipitación promedio anual, lo que indica una alta influencia estacional de las lluvias, i.e, una mayor cantidad de lluvia puede precipitar en un número reducido de meses consecutivos. Los valores de concentración revelan una gradiente regional en dirección este-oeste, que va de moderadamente a fuertemente estacional. El análisis de tendencias de la concentración de lluvia mensual no muestra cambios significativos en el periodo de estudio. No obstante, nuestros hallazgos explican el porqué la región oeste y sur de la cuenca del río Guayas está expuesta a problemas de sedimentación en la parte baja, producto de la capacidad erosiva de la lluvia en la parte alta y media de la cuenca.

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Erratum to: Spatial analysis and temporal trends of daily precipitation concentration in the Mantaro River basin: central Andes of Peru

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Diurnal Cycle of Raindrops Size Distribution in a Valley of the Peruvian Central Andes

Diurnal Cycle of Raindrops Size Distribution in a Valley of the Peruvian Central Andes

Regionalización de la precipitación, su agresividad y concentración en la cuenca del río Guayas, Ecuador

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