Erratum: Near-shore Antarctic pH variability has implications for the design of ocean acidification experiments

Kelley, Amanda L.; Shaw, Emily C.; Martz, Todd R.; Hofmann, Gretchen E.

doi:10.1038/srep10497

Cited by 35 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The saturation state of seawater in terms of Aragonite (Ω Arag ) in Reloncaví Fjord was maximum in summer and minimum in winter consistently with previously for the adjacent Reloncavi sound (Alarcón et al, ). Ω Arag can be highly variable in coastal areas (Harris et al, ; Xu et al, ), some regions at the open ocean (Hauri et al, ; Jiang et al, ), and inland seas like fjords and bays from different regions (Feely et al, ; Fransson et al, , ; Jantzen et al, ; Kapsenberg et al, ), driving challenging conditions for calcifying species inhabiting those systems. Water undersatured in calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite (Ω Arag < 1) can have deleterious effects growth and survival implications for organisms dwelling near the surface across a broad spectrum of taxa (Cornwall et al, ; Duarte et al, ; Gattuso et al, ; Turley & Gattuso, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Changes in Carbonate Saturation State and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes During an Annual Cycle in a Stratified‐Temperate Fjord (Reloncaví Fjord, Chilean Patagonia)

et al. 2019

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Changes may be occurring in the carbonate chemistry of fjords due to natural and anthropogenic disturbance of major freshwater sources. We present a high‐frequency time series study of seasonal pH and CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) in a north Patagonian fjord with a focus on changes in freshwater inflows and biological processes. To do this, we monitored pH and pCO2 in situ, along with river streamflow, salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) in the Reloncaví Fjord (41.5°S) for a full year (January to December 2015). Strong seasonal variability was observed in the pCO2, pH, and DO of the fjord's surface waters. During the summer, pCO2 reached its annual minimum (range: 187–571 μatm) and pH its maximum (range: 7.98–8.24), coinciding with lower freshwater inflows (204–307 m3/s) and high DO (280–378 μmol/kg), as well as aragonite saturation states (ΩArag) higher than 1. In contrast, in winter, pCO2 ranged from 461–1,008 μatm and pH from 7.57–8.03, coinciding with high freshwater inflows (1,049–1,402 m3/s), lower oxygen (216–348 μmol/kg), and constant undersaturation of ΩArag. Reloncaví Fjord had an annual air‐water CO2 flux of 0.716 ± 2.54 mol·m−2·year−1 during 2015 and thus acted as a low emission system. The annual cycle was mainly governed by seasonal changes in biological processes that enhanced the shift from a CO2 sink in late spring and summer, caused by high primary production rates, to a CO2 source during the rest of the year caused by high community respiration due to allochthonous organic carbon inputs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Changes in Carbonate Saturation State and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes During an Annual Cycle in a Stratified‐Temperate Fjord (Reloncaví Fjord, Chilean Patagonia)

et al. 2019

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“…pH measurements in Antarctica's Southern Ocean reveal seasonally driven pH fluctuations of 0.3–0.4 units (Kapsenberg et al . ). Changes in photosynthetic activity within temperate kelp forest communities create semidiurnal and diurnal pH fluctuations that can change pH by approximately 0.4 units over a 24‐h period (Frieder et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Transcriptomic responses to seawater acidification among sea urchin populations inhabiting a natural pH mosaic

et al. 2017

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Increasing awareness of spatial and temporal variation in ocean pH suggests some marine populations may be adapted to local pH regimes and will therefore respond differently to present-day pH variation and to long-term ocean acidification. In the Northeast Pacific Ocean, differences in the strength of coastal upwelling cause latitudinal variation in prevailing pH regimes that are hypothesized to promote local adaptation and unequal pH tolerance among resident populations. In this study, responses to experimental seawater acidification were compared among embryos and larvae from six populations of purple sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) inhabiting areas that differ in their frequency of low pH exposure and that prior research suggests are locally adapted to seawater pH. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrate urchin populations most frequently exposed to low pH seawater responded to experimental acidification by expressing genes within major ATP-producing pathways at greater levels than populations encountering low pH less often. Multiple genes within the tricarboxylic acid cycle, electron transport chain and fatty acid beta oxidation pathways were upregulated in urchin populations experiencing low pH conditions most frequently. These same metabolic pathways were significantly over-represented among genes both expressed in a population-specific manner and putatively under selection to enhance low pH tolerance. Collectively, these data suggest natural selection is acting on metabolic gene networks to redirect ATP toward maintaining acid-base homeostasis and enhance tolerance of seawater acidification. As a trade-off, marine populations more tolerant of low pH may have less energy to put towards other aspects of fitness and to respond to additional ocean change.

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“…Phytoplankton communities in Antarctic shelf waters are already exposed to strong annual variations in pCO 2 (Gibson and Trull, 1999;Sweeney et al, 2000;Roden et al, 2013;Shadwick et al, 2013;Kapsenberg et al, 2015). Sea ice cover during the winter restricts air-sea gas transfer, allowing for CO 2 oversaturation of the water column (up to 450 µatm) through upwelling of high CO 2 UCDW water from the Antarctic Slope Current (Figure 3).…”

Section: East Antarcticamentioning

confidence: 99%

Southern Ocean Phytoplankton in a Changing Climate

2017

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Phytoplankton are the base of the Antarctic food web, sustain the wealth and diversity of life for which Antarctica is renowned, and play a critical role in biogeochemical cycles that mediate global climate. Over the vast expanse of the Southern Ocean (SO), the climate is variously predicted to experience increased warming, strengthening wind, acidification, shallowing mixed layer depths, increased light (and UV), changes in upwelling and nutrient replenishment, declining sea ice, reduced salinity, and the southward migration of ocean fronts. These changes are expected to alter the structure and function of phytoplankton communities in the SO. The diverse environments contained within the vast expanse of the SO will be impacted differently by climate change; causing the identity and the magnitude of environmental factors driving biotic change to vary within and among bioregions. Predicting the net effect of multiple climate-induced stressors over a range of environments is complex. Yet understanding the response of SO phytoplankton to climate change is vital if we are to predict the future state/s of the ecosystem, estimate the impacts on fisheries and endangered species, and accurately predict the effects of physical and biotic change in the SO on global climate. This review looks at the major environmental factors that define the structure and function of phytoplankton communities in the SO, examines the forecast changes in the SO environment, predicts the likely effect of these changes on phytoplankton, and considers the ramifications for trophodynamics and feedbacks to global climate change. Predictions strongly suggest that all regions of the SO will experience changes in phytoplankton productivity and community composition with climate change. The nature, and even the sign, of these changes varies within and among regions and will depend upon the magnitude and sequence in which these environmental changes are imposed. It is likely that predicted changes to phytoplankton communities will affect SO biogeochemistry, carbon export, and nutrition for higher trophic levels.

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Erratum: Near-shore Antarctic pH variability has implications for the design of ocean acidification experiments

Cited by 35 publications

References 58 publications

Seasonal Changes in Carbonate Saturation State and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes During an Annual Cycle in a Stratified‐Temperate Fjord (Reloncaví Fjord, Chilean Patagonia)

Seasonal Changes in Carbonate Saturation State and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes During an Annual Cycle in a Stratified‐Temperate Fjord (Reloncaví Fjord, Chilean Patagonia)

Transcriptomic responses to seawater acidification among sea urchin populations inhabiting a natural pH mosaic

Southern Ocean Phytoplankton in a Changing Climate

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Erratum: Near-shore Antarctic pH variability has implications for the design of ocean acidification experiments

Cited by 35 publications

References 58 publications

Seasonal Changes in Carbonate Saturation State and Air‐Sea CO2 Fluxes During an Annual Cycle in a Stratified‐Temperate Fjord (Reloncaví Fjord, Chilean Patagonia)

Seasonal Changes in Carbonate Saturation State and Air‐Sea CO2 Fluxes During an Annual Cycle in a Stratified‐Temperate Fjord (Reloncaví Fjord, Chilean Patagonia)

Transcriptomic responses to seawater acidification among sea urchin populations inhabiting a natural pH mosaic

Southern Ocean Phytoplankton in a Changing Climate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Seasonal Changes in Carbonate Saturation State and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes During an Annual Cycle in a Stratified‐Temperate Fjord (Reloncaví Fjord, Chilean Patagonia)

Seasonal Changes in Carbonate Saturation State and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes During an Annual Cycle in a Stratified‐Temperate Fjord (Reloncaví Fjord, Chilean Patagonia)