Erratum: Genetic and environmental factors strongly influence risk, severity and progression of age-related macular degeneration

Wang, Wenqiu; Gawlik, Katarzyna; Lopez, Joe; Wen, Cindy; Zhu, J.; Wu, Frances; Shi, William Y.; Scheibler, Samuel; Cai, H.; Vairavan, Ram; Shi, Alexander; Haw, Weldon W; Ferreyra, Henry; Zhang, Ming; Chang, Sherman; Zhang, Kang

doi:10.1038/sigtrans.2016.23

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Several demographic factors have been linked to MA. In particular, increasing age, smoking (historic or current), and hypertension are considered general risk factors for the development of MA [28, 64-68]. Smoking is associated with an increased risk of MNV; smoking >40 pack-years is associated with an OR of 3.43 for MA and 2.49 for MNV [64].…”

Section: Potential Risk Factors For the Development Of Mamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This group was associated with a high genetic risk score for genes involved in lipid metabolism. In this group, the 7-year risk of progression to MA from intermediate AMD (defined by the presence of soft drusen) was primarily driven by polymorphisms in APOE , LPL, and CFH (risk scores of 100.0, 87.5, and 76.1, respectively) [28]. It should be noted that environmental factors, such as smoking and body mass index, contributed more than genetic factors to the progression of MNV (as opposed to MA) [28].…”

Section: Potential Risk Factors For the Development Of Mamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specific pathogenesis of MA is unclear, and the progression and development of in-lesion atrophy may be different from those of primary or extra-lesion atrophy [27]. Of the patients with dry AMD, 10–15% have notable vision loss due to MA [28]. There is currently no approved treatment to slow or reverse vision loss in MA [6, 29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Macular Atrophy in Patients with Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration Receiving Anti-VEGF Treatment

et al. 2021

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness. Late AMD can be classified into exudative (commonly known as wet AMD [wAMD]) or dry AMD, both of which may progress to macular atrophy (MA). MA causes irreversible vision loss and currently has no approved pharmacological treatment. The standard of care for wAMD is treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF). However, recent evidence suggests that anti-VEGF treatment may play a role in the development of MA. Therefore, it is important to identify risk factors for the development of MA in patients with wAMD. For example, excessive blockade of VEGF through intense use of anti-VEGF agents may accelerate the development of MA. Patients with type III macular neovascularisation (retinal angiomatous proliferation) have a particularly high risk of MA. These patients are characterised as having a pre-existing thin choroid (age-related choroidopathy), suggesting that the choroidal circulation is unable to respond to increased VEGF expression. Evidence suggests that subretinal fluid (possibly indicative of residual VEGF activity) may play a protective role. Patients receiving anti-VEGF agents must be assessed for overall risk of MA and there is an unmet medical need to prevent the development of MA without undertreating wAMD.

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Section: Potential Risk Factors For the Development Of Mamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Risk Factors For the Development Of Mamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Macular Atrophy in Patients with Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration Receiving Anti-VEGF Treatment

et al. 2021

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“…With the process of aging society, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has become one of the leading causes for inevitable blindness in China and worldwide, as an estimated 288 million people worldwide will suffer from AMD by 2040 ( 3 , 4 ). The etiology of AMD is complex and several possible risk factors for the development of AMD had been reported, the major one being aging, and others such as oxidative stress and inflammatory damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changes of Irisin and Inflammatory Cytokines in the Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Vein Occlusion

Cao

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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PurposeAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) are irreversible chorioretinal diseases, which might induce severe damage in visual function. The metabolic factor and inflammatory factors might play important roles in the pathogenesis of AMD and RVO. The levels of irisin and 14 cytokines were analyzed in aqueous humor of AMD and RVO eyes to evaluate the roles of irisin and inflammatory factors.MethodsWe collected aqueous humor samples from patients with AMD (n = 27), RVO (n = 30), and cataract (as control, n = 23) eyes. Samples were assayed using ELISA kit for irisin and a multiplex immunoassay kit for 14 cytokines. The macular thickness (MT) was measured with OCT in all included eyes.ResultsMT in the RVO group is significantly higher than that in the AMD or control group. Irisin levels in the aqueous samples of AMD and RVO eyes were both significantly lower than that in the control. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between irisin and MT in the RVO. Compared with the controls, AMD eyes had significantly higher levels of BDNF, VEGF-A, VEGF-R1, VEGF-R2, IL-10, TNF-α, VCAM-1, IP-10, and MCP-1. Similarly, RVO eyes had significantly higher levels of BDNF, VEGF-A, VEGF-R1, VEGF-R2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IP-10, and MCP-1. However, there was no significant difference between the levels of PDGF-BB or TNF-β in these three groups. A negative correlation was found between VEGF-A and MT in AMD, as well as in control. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between IL-6 and MT in the 80 included eyes, as well as in RVO. A positive correlation was found between ICAM-1 and MT in the 80 included eyes, as well as in RVO.ConclusionsThe metabolic factor, irisin levels in the aqueous humor are decreased in AMD and RVO eyes and show a positive correlation between irisin and MT in RVO eyes, prompting researchers to explore the relationship between irisin and macular edema. We also identified the higher expression of vascular growth factors (VEGF-A, VEGF-R1, and PDGF-BB), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α), and chemokines (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IP-10, and MCP-1) in AMD and RVO eyes.

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“…The most common are age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma [ 6 ]. The prevalence of these diseases is increasing and varies worldwide [ 7 , 8 ]. It is estimated that, by 2040, the number of patients with AMD will reach 288 million and with glaucoma over 110 million [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma

2021

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma are ophthalmic neurodegenerative diseases responsible for irreversible vision loss in the world population. Only a few therapies can be used to slow down the progression of these diseases and there are no available treatment strategies for reversing the degeneration of the neural retina. In AMD, the pathological process causes the malfunction and damage of the retinal pigmented epithelium and photoreceptors in the macula. In glaucoma, damage of the retinal ganglion cells and their axons is observed and treatment strategies are limited to intraocular pressure lowering. Therefore, other prophylactic and/or therapeutic methods are needed. Oxidative stress is involved in the neurodegenerative process accompanying both AMD and glaucoma; therefore, the use of antioxidant agents would clearly be beneficial, which is supported by the decreased prevalence and progression of AMD in patients adherent to a diet naturally rich in antioxidants. Dietary antioxidants are easily available and their use is based on the natural route of administration. Many preclinical studies both in vitro and using animal models of retinal degeneration showed the efficacy of dietary antioxidants, which was further proved in clinical trials. Resveratrol is beneficial both in AMD and glaucoma animal models, but confirmed only among AMD patients. For AMD, carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids were also proved to be sufficient in preventing neurodegeneration. For glaucoma, coenzyme Q10 and alpha-lipoic acid showed efficacy for decreasing retinal ganglion cell loss and inhibiting the accompanying destructive processes. Interestingly, the benefits of vitamins, especially vitamin E was not confirmed, neither in preclinical nor in clinical studies.

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Erratum: Genetic and environmental factors strongly influence risk, severity and progression of age-related macular degeneration

Abstract: [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/sigtrans.2016.16.].

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Development of Macular Atrophy in Patients with Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration Receiving Anti-VEGF Treatment

Development of Macular Atrophy in Patients with Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration Receiving Anti-VEGF Treatment

The Changes of Irisin and Inflammatory Cytokines in the Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Vein Occlusion

Dietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma

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