Erratum

Abstract

An error occurred while printing this article in the September issue of the Journal of Materials Research.

The toughening mechanism of nacre and structural materials inspired by nacre

“…Nanoscale structures within individual platelets were reported in the 1960s with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of aragonite nanoparticles called 'blocks' surrounded by an 'intracrystalline' matrix [18,19]. More recently, aragonite nanoparticles (called 'nanograins') surrounded by organic material within individual nacre platelets were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and TEM [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] (figure 1). While the nacre platelets consist of nanostructures, TEM diffraction patterns reported in the literature generally showed uniform crystal orientation within the nacre layers.…”

“…Considering that biological structures are constructed bottom-up following a hierarchical architecture [11,22,95], further study of the nanoscale behavior remains a key step in understanding the bulk mechanical properties. AFM has been used in conjunction with nanoindentation of single platelets to show ductility and viscoelastic behavior, suggesting deformation by the interaction of nanograins and organic material [21,23,25]. In situ tension and bending tests revealed rotation and deformation of nanograins [96].…”

Crystallization of Calcium Carbonate Beneath Insoluble Monolayers: Suitable Models of Mineral–Matrix Interactions in Biomineralization?

“…The intertabular polymer layer has a thickness varying between ∼ 30 and 300 nm [67], with pores that allow the mineral bridges to pass through [66], and intracrystalline proteins present within the tablets themselves [21,22]. [55]). In "columnar" nacre, the tablets are relatively uniform in size and stacked vertically along the c-axis direction (with a slightly staggered arrangement laterally), thereby forming microlaminate sheets and tessellated bands.…”

Revealing the Design Principles of High‐Performance Biological Composites Using Ab initio and Multiscale Simulations: The Example of Lobster Cuticle

“…A powerful tool to overcome these difficulties and to better understand the structure-property relationships in biomaterials is multiscale modeling encompassing all length scales. [3,5] Some progress in the development of multiscale structure-property relationships for mineralized tissues has been achieved by combined modeling and experimental approaches applied to bone, [4] nacre, [6] and fish skin armor. [7] However, these approaches do not explicitly integrate a molecular-level description and use continuum mechanics at the meso-and macroscale (e.g., finite element analysis) coupled with experimental data obtained, for example, by nanoindentation.…”