Erratum: Employment inequalities through busts and booms: The changing roles of health and education in Norway 1980-2005

Wel, Kjetil A. van der; Dahl, Espen; Birkelund, Gunn Elisabeth

doi:10.1177/0001699310399214

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…One concern is the largely unrealistic assumption that workers would be employed full-time and full-year over their work lives. However, the less-educated are more likely to be unemployed than the highly educated for longer periods of time throughout their careers (Riddell and Song 2011), particularly during economic downturns (Sum and Khatiwada 2010; van der Wel et al 2010). They may also retire earlier (Hayward et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education and Lifetime Earnings in the United States

2015

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Differences in lifetime earnings by educational attainment have been of great research and policy interest. Although a large literature examines earnings differences by educational attainment, research on lifetime earnings—which refers to total accumulated earnings from entry into the labor market until retirement—remains limited because of the paucity of adequate data. Using data that match respondents in the Survey of Income and Program Participation to their longitudinal tax earnings as recorded by the Social Security Administration, we estimate the 50-year work career effects of education on lifetime earnings for men and women. By overcoming the purely synthetic cohort approach, our results provide a more realistic appraisal of actual patterns of lifetime earnings. Detailed estimates are provided for gross lifetime earnings by education; net lifetime earnings after controlling for covariates associated with the probability of obtaining a bachelor’s degree; and the net present 50-year lifetime value of education at age 20. In addition, we provide estimates that include individuals with zero earnings and disability. We also assess the adequacy of the purely synthetic cohort approach, which uses age differences in earnings observed in cross-sectional surveys to approximate lifetime earnings. Overall, our results confirm the persistent positive effects of higher education on earnings over different stages of the work career and over a lifetime, but also reveal notably smaller net effects on lifetime earnings compared with previously reported estimates. We discuss the implications of these and other findings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education and Lifetime Earnings in the United States

2015

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“…Lack of formal qualifications that could otherwise make one eligible to physically less demanding jobs may enforce labour market disadvantage in this group. Several studies have documented such interaction effects of low qualifications and poor health on labour market participation in the general population (Bartley and Owen 1996, Schuring et al 2007, van der Wel et al. 2010), as well as in young adult men (Bjerkedal et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the level of the individual, poor health, in its relationship with employment, may interact with other individual traits that have differential value in the labour market (McDonough and Amick 2001). Poor health in combination with other labour market disadvantages, such as poor qualifications, increases the risk of being non‐employed (Bartley and Owen 1996, Dahl and Birkelund 1999, Lindholm et al 2002, Whitehead et al 2009, van der Wel et al 2010). The association takes the form of an interaction effect, where the combination of the two disadvantages produces an additional risk of non‐employment (Lindholm et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The association takes the form of an interaction effect, where the combination of the two disadvantages produces an additional risk of non‐employment (Lindholm et al. 2002, van der Wel et al. 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be one reason why studies find that employment inequalities between high qualified groups and low qualified groups who have poor health are larger than employment inequalities among healthy people (Bartley and Owen 1996, van de Mheen et al 1999, Lindholm et al. 2002, van der Wel et al. 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term effects of poor health on employment: the significance of life stage and educational level

Wel

2011

Sociology Health & Illness

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Previous research has found the employment consequences of poor health to be of increased magnitude in low qualified groups. The purpose of this study is to investigate if this relationship varies within different stages of the life course when focusing on long term associations with non-employment. An expectation of the article is that stronger effects of poor health may be found in young adults compared to middle aged people. The article considers two possible explanations: normative change and life stage resources. Using three-wave panel data from the Norwegian county of Nord-Trøndelag, the HUNT study allows the study of respondents over two decades. Two narrow cohorts have been selected for comparison, and health was measured by self-reported longstanding limiting illness. For the analyses, cross tabulations, logistic regression, and fixed effects logistic regression techniques are used. The article concludes in favour of the resource explanation; young adulthood is a critical period in relation to long term employment consequences of poor health, and especially so among people with fewer educational resources. Cohort differences in the employment consequences of poor health are not likely to be caused by poorer work ethics among younger cohorts.

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Fit-for-Work – or Work Fit for Disabled People? The Role of Changing Job Demands and Control in Incapacity Claims

Baumberg¹

2014

J. Soc. Pol.

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It remains a puzzle as to why incapacity claims rose in many OECD countries when life expectancy was increasing. While potentially due to hidden unemployment and policy failure, this paper tests a further explanation: that work has become more difficult for disabled workers. It focuses on the UK as a 'most likely' case, given evidence of intensification and declining control at work. To get a more objective measure of working conditions, the models use average working conditions in particular occupations, and impute this into the British Household Panel Survey. The results show that people in low-control (but not high-demands) jobs are more likely to claim incapacity benefits in the following year, a result that is robust to a number of sensitivity analyses. Deteriorating job control seems to be a part of the explanation for rising incapacity, and strategies to cut the number of incapacity claimants should therefore consider ways to improve job control. Given the challenges in changing job characteristics, however, an equally important implication is that high levels of incapacity should not just be seen as a result of poor policies and a lack of jobs, but also as a result of the changing nature of work.

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Erratum: Employment inequalities through busts and booms: The changing roles of health and education in Norway 1980-2005

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Education and Lifetime Earnings in the United States

Education and Lifetime Earnings in the United States

Long‐term effects of poor health on employment: the significance of life stage and educational level

Fit-for-Work – or Work Fit for Disabled People? The Role of Changing Job Demands and Control in Incapacity Claims

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