Erosional impact on organic matter content and productivity of selected Iowa soils

Fenton, Thomas E.; Kazemi, Masoud; Lauterbach-Barrett, M.A.

doi:10.1016/j.still.2004.09.005

Cited by 80 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The loss of SOC from bare-soil plot was expected because the soil aggregates easily broken down, and consequently the finer particles could be transported by erosion (reducing in 0.23%). This is the major factor in land degradation, reducing the productivity and organic matter content of soils (Pimentel et al, 1976;Frye et al, 1982;Fullen et al, 1991;Albadalejo et al, 1998;Lal, 1998;Morgan and Lal, 2003;Fenton et al, 2005). The mean SOC content increased consistently due to the effect of plants, by a mean value of 0.42%.…”

Section: Runoff and Soil Erosion Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil-erosion and runoff prevention by plant covers in a mountainous area (se spain): Implications for sustainable agriculture

Zuazo¹,

Martínez²,

Pleguezuelo³

et al. 2006

Environmentalist

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In the Mediterranean region the intensities and amounts of soil loss and runoff on sloping land are governed by rainfall pattern and vegetation cover. Over a two-year period (1998)(1999), six wild species of aromatic and mellipherous plants (Thymus serpylloides subsp. Gadorensis, Thymus baeticus Boiss, Salvia lavandulifolia Vahl., Santolina rosmarinifolia L., Lavandula stoechas L. and Genista umbellata Poiret) were selected for erosion plots to determine their effectiveness in reducing water erosion on hillslopes of the Sierra Nevada Mountain (SE Spain). The erosion plots (including a bare-soil plot as control), located at 1,345 m in altitude, were 2 m 2 (2 m × 1 m) in area and had 13% incline. The lowest runoff and soil erosion rates, ranging from 9 to 26 mm yr −1 and from 0.01 to 0.31 Mg ha −1 yr −1 , respectively, over the entire study period, were measured under the Thymus serpylloides. Lavandula stoechas L. registered the highest rates among the plant covers tested, runoff ranging from 77 to 127 mm yr −1 and erosion from 1.67 to 3.50 Mg ha −1 yr −1 . In the bare-soil plot, runoff ranged from 154 to 210 mm yr −1 and erosion from 4.45 to 7.82 Mg ha −1 yr −1 . According to the results, the lowest-growing plant covers (Thymus serpylloides and Salvia lavandulifolia Vahl.) discouraged the soil erosion and runoff more effectively than did the taller and open medium-sized shrubs (Santolina rosmarinifolia L., Genista umbellata Poiret , Thymus baeticus Boiss and Lavandula stoechas L.). Monitoring allowed more direct linkage to be made between plant covers and the prevention of erosion, with implications for sustainable mountain agriculture and environmental protection.

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Section: Runoff and Soil Erosion Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil-erosion and runoff prevention by plant covers in a mountainous area (se spain): Implications for sustainable agriculture

Zuazo¹,

Martínez²,

Pleguezuelo³

et al. 2006

Environmentalist

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“…The reason for such reduction in yield is the loss of productive top soil due to water erosion and downslope soil mass movement by tillage (Table 1). Soil erosion has been previously recognized as a major factor in land degradation, especially in the reduction in productivity and OM content of soils (Fenton et al, 2005). The results also show that fertilization significantly increases aboveground dry matter, grain yield and grain number, but has no effect on grain mass (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Impact of erosion and tillage on the productivity and quality of selected semiarid soils of Iran

Mehdizade¹,

Asadi²,

Shabanpour³

et al. 2013

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. This greenhouse research was carried out to study the effects of water and tillage erosion on agricultural productivity and soil quality in soil samples from a semiarid region of Iran. A factorial experiment of complete randomized block design was used to compare the effects of soil erosion (eroded and non-eroded soils), slope position, water stress and fertilizer (N-P-K) on yield and yield components of wheat as soil productivity index. The results showed that erosion ie water and tillage erosion has a significant effect (p<0.01) in decreasing soil productivity due to its negative impact on soil organic matter, nutrients (N and K) and hydraulic conductivity. Complete N-P-K fertilization and water stress had significant effects on increasing and decreasing of wheat yield, respectively. The effect of water stress in particular was so high that it could eclipse the erosion impact on yield reduction. Wheat dry matter and grain mass on foot and mid slopes were significantly higher than that on upslope positions where total N and available K were the lowest and equivalent calcium carbonate the highest. Saturated hydraulic conductivity and total nitrogen were found to be the most important soil properties as far as their correlations to wheat yield are concerned.K e y w o r d s: slope position, greenhouse experiment, wheat, fertilizer, water stress INTRODUCTIONMore than 60% of Iran farm lands are under dryland farming of wheat, barley and other cereal crops. The area under dryland farming of wheat alone is around 4 to 5 mln ha (Agricultural Statistics of Iran, 1998). A large fraction of Iran cultivated lands (dryland and irrigated) is devoted to wheat and barley which are the main sources of staple food and protein for the average Iranian. Wheat alone covers about one third and fruit tree plantations cover nearly one fifth of the total irrigated lands of Iran. Cereal crops ie wheat, barley, and rice) cover almost 70% of the cultivated land, while wheat alone covers nearly 52%. In Iran, it is a well established fact that the average yield of different crops is much higher under irrigated system than under dryland farming. For example, the average yield of irrigated wheat is about 3 200 kg ha -1 while under dryland farming this figure is below 1 000 kg ha -1 (Siadat, 1998).Erosion is very severe in the semiarid and drylands regions of Iran due to high erodibility of the soil and poor vegetation cover. The increasing population and the need for more food and fibre have pushed farmers to use lands which are not suitable for farming, especially on steep slopes (Ahmadi-Iikhchi et al., 2003). Many grasslands have also been destroyed due to high stocking rate and over-grazing, resulting in severe soil degradation (Asadi et al., 2012).Soil erosion, in the form of mass downslope transport, is also intense under the conventional tillage systems which employs the mouldboard plough (Alvarez et al., 1995), still the most common form of tillage in Iran. On-site impact of accelerated soil erosion includes short-time ...

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“…By adopting soil management and water conservation practices the adverse effect of erosion can be mitigated. Fenton et al (2005) reported that reduction of corn yields in severely eroded soils averaged 23% as compared with slightly eroded soils. In rainfed regions, rainfall is very important parameter of agricultural production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring the Land Productivity of Eroded Land through Soil Water Conservation and Improved Fertilizer Application on Pothwar plateau in Punjab Province, Pakistan

Shaheen

Naeem

Jilani

et al. 2011

Plant Production Science

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Erosional impact on organic matter content and productivity of selected Iowa soils

Cited by 80 publications

References 16 publications

Soil-erosion and runoff prevention by plant covers in a mountainous area (se spain): Implications for sustainable agriculture

Soil-erosion and runoff prevention by plant covers in a mountainous area (se spain): Implications for sustainable agriculture

Impact of erosion and tillage on the productivity and quality of selected semiarid soils of Iran

Restoring the Land Productivity of Eroded Land through Soil Water Conservation and Improved Fertilizer Application on Pothwar plateau in Punjab Province, Pakistan

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