Erosion thresholds and suspended sediment yields, Waipaoa River Basin, New Zealand

Hicks, D. Murray; Gómez, Basil; Trustrum, Noel A.

doi:10.1029/1999wr900340

Cited by 234 publications

(302 citation statements)

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“…Often these relationships are nonlinear and a number of recent studies have applied locally weighted regression techniques to define rating curves [Hicks et al, 2000;Krishnaswamy et al, 2001;Tarras-Wahlberg and Lane, 2003]. One substantial and well defined problem in the traditional rating curve approach however is related to the application of least squares regression techniques to log-transformed data, which, if uncorrected for, results in systematic underprediction of sediment loads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One substantial and well defined problem in the traditional rating curve approach however is related to the application of least squares regression techniques to log-transformed data, which, if uncorrected for, results in systematic underprediction of sediment loads. A range of ''bias correction factors'' have been proposed in the literature to correct for this underestimation [Ferguson, 1986b;Duan, 1983;Koch and Smillie, 1986;Hicks et al, 2000], yet these different methods often produce different correction factor values for the same data. The question of whether these correction factors are applicable to nonlinear rating curve functions is also open [Koch and Smillie, 1986;Ferguson, 1986a].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applying bootstrap resampling to quantify uncertainty in fluvial suspended sediment loads estimated using rating curves

Rustomji

Wilkinson

2008

Water Resources Research

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[1] Knowledge of suspended sediment loads in rivers is essential for catchment management purposes and study of landscape evolution. Obtaining such information is difficult because of the often sparse physical sampling of sediment concentrations and high temporal variability in discharge and sediment concentration, as well as strong hysteretic effects and temporal and spatial variations in catchment condition. Here bootstrap and Monte Carlo resampling techniques are used to calculate suspended sediment loads using sediment rating curves. The method proposed avoids the need to apply a bias correction factor to load estimates calculated using rating curves defined by least squares regression of log-transformed data. The algorithm also quantifies uncertainty in suspended sediment load estimates arising from uncertainty in the shape of the rating curve and the residual scatter in the data. Applied to 11 gauging stations in the catchment of Lake Burragorang in Australia, the method produced suspended sediment yields consistent with other Australian observations. The majority of the sediment delivered to the lake comes via the lower Wollondilly River (251 À49 +264 kt a À1 ), with lesser contributions from the Kowmung (114 À30 +62 kt a À1 ) and Cox's (63 À14 +81 kt a À1 ) rivers. Despite uncertainty in the shape of the rating curve at high flows, days with the largest flow clearly transport most of the suspended sediment delivered to the reservoir over the long term, with 40-85% of the total load being transported in <1% of the time. This bootstrap-based method could be applied to the calculation of other constituent fluxes in rivers where discrete sampling of constituent concentration serves as the principal data.Citation: Rustomji, P., and S. N. Wilkinson (2008), Applying bootstrap resampling to quantify uncertainty in fluvial suspended sediment loads estimated using rating curves, Water Resour. Res., 44, W09434,

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying bootstrap resampling to quantify uncertainty in fluvial suspended sediment loads estimated using rating curves

Rustomji

Wilkinson

2008

Water Resources Research

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“…Parkner et al, 2007;Jones and Preston, 2012;Marden et al, 2012]. Sediment yield from these environments is among the highest on Earth per unit area, for example sediment yield from the Waiapu River in the East Coast Region of New Zealand equates to 20,520 t/km 2 /yr [Hicks et al, 2000]. The elevated erosion in these environments is attributed to their active tectonic setting and erodible terrain, as well as exposure to tropical and mid-latitude storms, and the compromise of catchment integrity by human activity, in particular deforestation [Nakamura et al, 2000;Gomez et al, 2010].…”

Section: Invited Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…De Rose et al, 1998;Hicks et al, 2000;Kasai et al, 2001;Gomez et al, 2003a;Page et al, 2008;Marden et al, 2012]. Sediment supplied from gullies tends to be more persistent than material delivered by shallow landsliding in this terrain, since gullies, already established, are activated by small, frequent rainstorms, whilst landsliding is activated during less frequent, high magnitude events [Hicks et al, 2000;Jones and Preston, 2012]. Parkner et al [2007] identified a range of processes operating in gully environments in the Waiapu catchment, distinguishing between slide complexes and gullies per se.…”

Section: Invited Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an Understanding of Catchment-scale Sediment Dynamics: Cascades & Connectivity in Steepland Systems

Fuller

2014

IJECE

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Steepland terrain is a characteristic of the Pacific Rim which must be better understood to mitigate and reduce risk associated with the cascade of sediment through short, steep, energetic catchments. The natural laboratory of New Zealand's East Coast ranges provides examples to improve the understanding of linkages between slopes and channels in the upper part of steepland river systems at this critical point in the sediment cascade. These examples illustrate an array of processes contributing abundant sediment in concert with intrinsic and extrinsic controls conditioning catchment connectivity. Once generated from hillslopes, the residence time of alluvium is contingent upon the efficacy of erosion and transfer processes moving sediment along the conveyor. Impacts of point sources of sediment delivery may be long-lived.

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“…The SSC is positively related to discharge at the long-term scale (Hicks et al, 2000;Rustomji et al, 2008). It implies that sediment yield changes can be expressed by the distribution of SSC versus streamflow.…”

Section: Ssc-water Discharge Relationship Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Did streamflow or suspended sediment concentration changes reduce sediment load in the middle reaches of the Yellow River?

Zhang

et al. 2017

Journal of Hydrology

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a b s t r a c tThe continuous ecological restoration of the Loess Plateau, which aims to reduce the sediment entering into the Yellow River, is known throughout the world for two strategies: the integrated soil conservation project that began in the 1970s, and the ''Grain for Green" project that began in the 1990s. However, the topic of whether the muddy water in the middle Yellow River run clearer remains debatable, and, in fact, response to the topic is reasonably well documented in regard to hydrological changes in the sediment source area. Six sub-catchments nested in the Beiluo River basin -one of the major sediment sources for the Yellow River -were selected, with data series ranging from 1957 to 2009. The Mann-Kendall and Pettitt tests were used for trend detection. A simple method was developed based on the distribution of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) versus water discharge. Using this method, we evaluated the quantities of sediment yield reduction attributed to streamflow and SSC changes due to the two strategies.The results showed that annual sediment yield in 5 out of 6 stations significantly decreased, with rates varying from À4 to À217 tÁkm À2 Áyr À1 . Significant decreases in daily and event streamflow and suspended sediment concentration were identified, especially at a high SSC (top 1-5%). During the integrated soil conservation period, the sediment yield was reduced mainly by decreases in high flow and high SSC conditions. In contrast, during the ''Grain for Green" period, sediment yield was reduced due to decreases in streamflow and SSC at all magnitudes. It was concluded that rainfall-sediment load dynamics have changed in the context of ecological restoration. Changes in both streamflow and the SSC-water discharge relationship induced the sediment yield reduction over time; in other words, the streamflow in the middle reaches of Yellow River became clearer during periods of ecological restoration. Moreover, the increased annual sediment yield at the Zhangcunyi station exposed a risk of increased erosion in areas where forests had been well preserved.

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Erosion thresholds and suspended sediment yields, Waipaoa River Basin, New Zealand

Cited by 234 publications

References 24 publications

Applying bootstrap resampling to quantify uncertainty in fluvial suspended sediment loads estimated using rating curves

Applying bootstrap resampling to quantify uncertainty in fluvial suspended sediment loads estimated using rating curves

Towards an Understanding of Catchment-scale Sediment Dynamics: Cascades & Connectivity in Steepland Systems

Did streamflow or suspended sediment concentration changes reduce sediment load in the middle reaches of the Yellow River?

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