Erosion Risk Mapping Applied to Environmental Zoning

Water erosion is one of the most important soil degradation processes and it can be intensified by land use and vegetal covering changes. Thus, water erosion modeling studies associated to multi temporal analyses of land use are effective in assessing how changes in land cover affects sediment yield. Therefore, considering the modifications in the land use from 1986 to 2011, the aim of this study ranged to estimate water erosion rates and compare them to the soil loss tolerance (SLT) limit in the Latosols (Oxisols) at Ribeirão Caçús sub-basin, in the South of Minas Gerais State, Southeast Brazil, by means of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) in association with the geographic information system (GIS), and geostatistical techniques. So, for each year mapped, soil loss averages were compared by t test at 5% significance to assess the soil degradation stage. The results indicated that, in the period, the soil loss average rate was from 2.4 to 2.6 Mg ha -1 year -1 and the areas with soil loss above the limit of SLT were around 8.0%. The t test demonstrated there was no considerable difference among the soil loss averages (p = 0.18). In consequence, the area of degraded soils did not increase. Thus, the RUSLE model in GIS is a simple and useful tool to estimate the soil loss and help define soil conservation and recovery measures.

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“…In accordance with Oliveira et al (2011), this method is the most used for SLT calculation in Brazil.…”

Section: Soil Loss Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Modeling of Water Erosion in Dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) Used for Farming and Cattle Raising Activities in a Sub-Basin in the South of Minas Gerais

et al. 2015

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“…Essa relação também pode ser denominada de Risco Natural de Erosão -RNE (Basic et al, 2004;Boellstorff & Benito, 2005;Schiettecatte et al, 2008;Oliveira et al, 2011). Assim, o índice RNE é utilizado como critério de elegibilidade para aplicação do programa de serviços ambientais (CRP).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…O modelo USLE, apesar de algumas limitações quantitativas, ainda é o modelo de erosão mais utilizado mundialmente, fornecendo informações úteis no planejamento conservacionista do solo e água. Caracteriza-se por estabelecer estimativas de perda média anual de solo por erosão laminar e em sulcos (Kinnell, 2010;Oliveira et al, 2011). Os dados de entrada do modelo USLE são compostos por fatores inerentes (erosividade -R; erodibilidade -K; comprimento de rampa -L; e declividade -S) e antrópicos (uso e manejo do solo -C; e práticas conservacionistas -P).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Nova abordagem sobre o modelo Brasileiro de serviços ambientais

Rodrigues

Sobrinho

Oliveira

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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RESUMOO programa brasileiro de serviços ambientais, denominado "Produtor de Água", apoia-se em incentivos financeiros proporcionais à redução da erosão advinda da implantação voluntária de projetos de conservação do solo por parte de produtores rurais. No entanto, esse programa não constitui restrições preestabelecidas de elegibilidade de áreas de aplicação ou de propostas de conservação. Assim, no sentido de contribuir para a evolução metodológica desse programa, propõe-se uma nova abordagem deste, analisando-se, essencialmente, duas adaptações: introdução de critério de elegibilidade; e utilização da aptidão agrícola para indicação de propostas de uso intensivo e conservação do solo. Para isso, tomou-se por base uma bacia hidrográfica rural próxima ao Pantanal brasileiro, em Terenos, MS. O novo critério de elegibilidade foi baseado no Risco Natural de Erosão (razão entre o potencial natural de erosão e a tolerância à perda de solo). As propostas de ocupação do solo, por sua vez, foram definidas a partir de mapa de aptidão agrícola predefinido. O estudo revela que o novo critério de elegibilidade foi capaz de contemplar somente cerca de 40 % da área de estudo. A aplicação da classificação de aptidão agrícola nessa parcela reduziu drasticamente as alternativas de uso intensivo do solo, direcionando-as, em grande parte, para a atividade pecuária. A análise das duas propostas de inovação do programa "Produtor de Água" permite inferir quanto à potencialidade delas na formação de estratégias de aplicação do programa, além de promover uso mais eficiente dos recursos financeiros destinados ao pagamento por serviços ambientais no contexto brasileiro.Termos de indexação: uso sustentável do solo, conservação do solo, políticas agroambientais.(1) Parte da Dissertação de Mestrado do primeiro autor. Recebido para publicação em setembro de 2010 e aprovado em março de 2011.

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“…Water erosion is the main cause of land degradation, affecting an area of about 2 billion ha throughout the world, with the largest part in tropics, and affecting the two most important natural resources, namely soil and water (Mandal and Sharda, 2011a;De Oliveria et al, 2010;Keesstra et al, 2014;Novara et al, 2011Novara et al, , 2016Seutloali and Beckedahl, 2015). Worldwide loss of water and sediment due to soil erosion is a major environmental threat Pimentel, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversing land degradation through grasses: a systematic meta-analysis in the Indian tropics

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Although intensive agriculture is necessary to sustain the world's growing population, accelerated soil erosion contributes to a decrease in the environmental health of ecosystems at local, regional and global scales. Reversing the process of land degradation using vegetative measures is of utmost importance in such ecosystems. The present study critically analyzes the effect of grasses in reversing the process of land degradation using a systematic review. The collected information was segregated under three different land use and land management situations. Meta-analysis was applied to test the hypothesis that the use of grasses reduces runoff and soil erosion. The effect of grasses was deduced for grass strip and in combination with physical structures. Similarly, the effects of grasses were analyzed in degraded pasture lands. The overall result of the meta-analysis showed that infiltration capacity increased approximately 2-fold after planting grasses across the slopes in agricultural fields. Grazing land management through a cut-and-carry system increased conservation efficiencies by 42 and 63 % with respect to reduction in runoff and erosion, respectively. Considering the comprehensive performance index (CPI), it has been observed that hybrid Napier (Pennisetum purpureum) and sambuta (Saccharum munja) grass seem to posses the most desirable attributes as an effective grass barrier for the western Himalayas and Eastern Ghats, while natural grass (Dichanthium annulatum) and broom grass (Thysanolaena maxima) are found to be most promising grass species for the Konkan region of the Western Ghats and the northeastern Himalayan region, respectively. In addition to these benefits, it was also observed that soil carbon loss can be reduced by 83 % with the use of grasses. Overall, efficacy for erosion control of various grasses was more than 60 %; hence, their selection should be based on the production potential of these grasses under given edaphic and agro-ecological conditions. The present analysis also indicated that grass must be used as a vegetative strip to maintain soil quality in sloppy arable areas (8.5 Mha) of Indian hilly regions. Similarly, due attention should be paid for establishing grasses in 3 Mha of degraded pasture lands and 3.5 Mha of shifting cultivation areas in India to reverse the land degradation.

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Erosion Risk Mapping Applied to Environmental Zoning

Cited by 46 publications

References 40 publications

Spatial and Temporal Modeling of Water Erosion in Dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) Used for Farming and Cattle Raising Activities in a Sub-Basin in the South of Minas Gerais

Spatial and Temporal Modeling of Water Erosion in Dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) Used for Farming and Cattle Raising Activities in a Sub-Basin in the South of Minas Gerais

Nova abordagem sobre o modelo Brasileiro de serviços ambientais

Reversing land degradation through grasses: a systematic meta-analysis in the Indian tropics

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