EROI Analysis for Direct Coal Liquefaction without and with CCS: The Case of the Shenhua DCL Project in China

Kong, Zhaoyang; Dong, Xiucheng; Xu, Bo; Li, Rui; Yin, Qiang; Song, C.

doi:10.3390/en8020786

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Since CCS is a water-intensive technology, it would put South Africa's already scarce water resources under additional pressure and conflicts with the government's target to save water [43,67]. A similar analysis could extend the perspective from power plants to CTL plants for which only a few analyses exist (for example [79]). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Assessment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in South Africa’s Power Sector

2015

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This article presents an integrated assessment conducted in order to explore whether carbon capture and storage (CCS) could be a viable technological option for significantly reducing future CO 2 emissions in South Africa. The methodological approach covers a commercial availability analysis, an analysis of the long-term usable CO 2 storage potential (based on storage capacity assessment, energy scenario analysis and source-sink matching), an economic and ecological assessment and a stakeholder analysis. The findings show, that a reliable storage capacity assessment is needed, since only rough figures concerning the effective capacity currently exist. Further constraints on the fast deployment of CCS may be the delayed commercial availability of CCS, significant barriers to increasing the economic viability of CCS, an expected net maximum reduction rate of the power plant's greenhouse gas emissions of 67%-72%, an increase in other environmental and social impacts, and low public awareness of CCS. One precondition for opting for CCS would be to find robust solutions to these constraints, taking into account that CCS could potentially conflict with other important policy objectives, such as affordable electricity rates to give the whole population access to electricity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Assessment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in South Africa’s Power Sector

2015

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“…The oxidizer (air) temperature (T g ) in the combustion chamber varied from 500 • C to 1000 • C. The concentrations of gas production were recorded each minute. Further review and analysis focused on the maximum concentrations of CO, CO 2 , NO x , and SO x emissions. The specialized Test 1 gas analyzer used to measure the concentrations had the following measurement channels: O 2 (measuring range 0%-21%, error 0.1%), CO (measuring range 0-10,000 ppm, error 100 ppm), CO 2 (measuring range 0%-20%, error 0.1%), NO x (measuring range 0-2000 ppm, error 10 ppm), SO x (measuring range 0-2000 ppm, error 10 ppm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last five to seven years, the prices of oil and gas have been especially unstable, which, combined with ongoing recessions, makes many regions and states loss-prone [2]. Furthermore, environmental concerns about the emissions of carbon and sulfur oxides are quite significant [3][4][5] even when using the highest-quality coal (the reserves of such coals are limited as well) [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Potential of Using Coal-Processing Waste as the Primary and Secondary Fuel for Energy Providers

2017

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Abstract:The main anthropogenic emissions (CO, CO 2 , NO x , SO x ) produced by the processing (combustion) of wastes (coal filter cakes) were measured directly for the first time. The research considered the most widespread coal filter cakes: those of nonbaking, low-caking, coking, flame, and gas coals. These filter cakes are regarded as promising components for the technologies of coal-water slurry (CWS) and coal-water slurry containing petrochemicals (CWSP). According to our estimates, the annual increment of such wastes in the world is as high as 100 million tons. Consequently, the effective utilization of these wastes in the power industry is of high interest. The evaluation of hazardous emissions from the combustion of such wastes shows that filter cakes produce a similar amount of CO and CO 2 as the initially-used coals but filter cakes are more cost-effective. We have established that CWS and CWSP technologies can be used to reduce NO x and SO x emissions. To reduce CO and CO 2 emissions when burning filter cakes, we need to switch to low-temperature combustion. Lowering the combustion temperature of filter cakes from 850 • C down to 650 • C decreases the underburning insignificantly while decreasing CO and CO 2 emissions by 30-40%.

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“…Selecting the appropriate boundaries is perhaps the most important step in an EROI analysis, but it is usually overlooked (Kong et al 2015a). Different boundaries of the analysis can lead to significantly different results, even when they are applied to the same energy resource.…”

Section: System Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To answer this question, most studies have utilized the common strategy of performing conventional techno-economic analyses (Kong et al 2015a), such as the net present value method (Luo et al 2011), to analyse the economics of CSG production. Energy return on investment (EROI) is a useful measure of the quality of various fuels (Hall et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy return on investment, energy payback time, and greenhouse gas emissions of coal seam gas (CSG) production in China: a case of the Fanzhuang CSG project

Kong

Dong

et al. 2017

Pet. Sci.

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The studies and development of coal seam gas (CSG) have been conducted for more than 30 years in China, but few of China's CSG projects have achieved large-scale commercial success; faced with the boom of shale gas, some investors are beginning to lose patience and confidence in CSG. China currently faces the following question: Should the government continue to vigorously support the development of the CSG industry? To provide a reference for policy makers and investors, this paper calculates the EROI stnd [a standardized energy return on investment (EROI) method], EROI ide (the maximum theoretical EROI), EROI 3,i (EROI considering the energy investment in transport), and EROI 3,1?e (EROI with environmental inputs) of a single vertical CSG well in the Fanzhuang CSG project in the Qinshui Basin. The energy payback time (EPT) and the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the CSG systems are also calculated. The results show that over a 15-year lifetime, EROI stnd , EROI ide , EROI 3,1 , and EROI 3,1?e are expected to deliver EROIs of approximately 11:1, 20:1, 7:1, and 6:1, respectively. The EPT within different boundaries is no more than 2 years, and the life-cycle GHG emissions are approximately 18.8 million kg CO 2 equivalent. The relatively high EROI and short EPT indicate that the government should take more positive measures to promote the development of the CSG industry.

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EROI Analysis for Direct Coal Liquefaction without and with CCS: The Case of the Shenhua DCL Project in China

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

Integrated Assessment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in South Africa’s Power Sector

Integrated Assessment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in South Africa’s Power Sector

Environmental Potential of Using Coal-Processing Waste as the Primary and Secondary Fuel for Energy Providers

Energy return on investment, energy payback time, and greenhouse gas emissions of coal seam gas (CSG) production in China: a case of the Fanzhuang CSG project

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