Eroded swimmeret syndrome in female crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus associated with Aphanomyces astaci and Fusarium spp. infections

Edsman, Lennart; Nyström, Per; Sandström, Alfred; Stenberg, Marika; Kokko, Hanna; Tiitinen, Vesa; Makkonen, Jenny; Jussila, Japo

doi:10.3354/dao02811

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…; Edsman et al . ). Infected signal crayfish can suffer from extensive mortalities if their immune system is suppressed, which may happen during moulting, when attacked by other parasites, or in unfavourable environmental conditions (Cerenius et al .…”

Section: Hosts and The Genetic Variation Of Aphanomyces Astacimentioning

confidence: 97%

Hosts and transmission of the crayfish plague pathogen Aphanomyces astaci: a review

Svobodá

Mrugała

Kozubíková‐Balcarová

et al. 2016

Journal of Fish Diseases

124

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The crayfish plague pathogen, Aphanomyces astaci Schikora, has become one of the most well-studied pathogens of invertebrates. Since its introduction to Europe in the mid-19th century, it has caused mass crayfish mortalities, resulting in drastic declines of local populations. In contrast, North American crayfish usually serve as latent carriers, although they may also be negatively affected by A. astaci infections under some circumstances. Recent research benefiting from molecular tools has improved our knowledge about various aspects of A. astaci biology. In this review, we summarize these advances, particularly with respect to the host range and transmission. We highlight several aspects that have recently received particular attention, in particular newly confirmed or suspected A. astaci hosts, latent A. astaci infections in populations of European crayfish, and the relationship between A. astaci genotype groups and host taxa.

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Section: Hosts and The Genetic Variation Of Aphanomyces Astacimentioning

confidence: 97%

Hosts and transmission of the crayfish plague pathogen Aphanomyces astaci: a review

Svobodá

Mrugała

Kozubíková‐Balcarová

et al. 2016

Journal of Fish Diseases

124

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“…Crayfish were subject to mycological examination following the method described by Edsman et al. () with slight modifications. In brief, crayfish were anesthetized by chilling, and haemolymphs were aspirated aseptically.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichosporon jirovecii infection of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

Abdallah

Mahmoud

Abdel-Rahim

2018

Journal of Fish Diseases

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One hundred and twenty‐nine isolates of Trichosporon jirovecii were isolated from the melanized exoskeleton as well as eyestalks, gills, muscle and haemolymph of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) collected from the River Nile, during summer 2015. Isolates were similar morphologically, biochemically and genetically. Also, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis exhibited no polymorphism among the tested isolates. Virulence factors such as chitinase, protease, lipase activities and biofilm formation were examined. Challenge test, using a representative isolate (Tj_ASU8), proved its pathogenicity against crayfish. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles had a good antifungal activity with a minimum fungicidal concentration of 8 mg/ml. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for isolation of T. jirovecii from red swamp crayfish, showing melanization, from the River Nile. We assume that infected crayfish may act as a vector for this fungus and can disseminate infection to all susceptible hosts in the vicinity.

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“…Crayfish are hosts to many parasites and symbionts, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and helminths that can cause chronic, long-term infections (Longshaw et al ., 2012; Kozubíková-Balcarová et al ., 2013). One such parasite, the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci , the causative agent of crayfish plague, is a key threat to crayfish biodiversity worldwide (Svoboda et al ., 2017), having eradicated many populations of native European crayfish (Filipová et al ., 2013; Kozubíková-Balcarová et al ., 2015) and recent evidence suggests it may have also caused a decline in commercially harvested North American crayfish stocks (Edsman et al ., 2015; Jussila et al ., 2015). This obligate parasitic oomycete penetrates host tissues (Söderhäll et al ., 1978) and produces motile reproductive zoospores (Cerenius and Söderhäll, 1984), which can reach high densities (up to several hundred zoospores per litre) during a crayfish plague outbreak (Strand et al ., 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crayfish plague affects juvenile survival and adult behaviour of invasive signal crayfish

et al. 2020

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The spread of invasive, non-native species is a key threat to biodiversity. Parasites can play a significant role by influencing their invasive host's survival or behaviour, which can subsequently alter invasion dynamics. The North American signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) is a known carrier of Aphanomyces astaci, an oomycete pathogen that is the causative agent of crayfish plague and fatal to European crayfish species, whereas North American species are considered to be largely resistant. There is some evidence, however, that North American species, can also succumb to crayfish plague, though how A. astaci affects such ‘reservoir hosts’ is rarely considered. Here, we tested the impact of A. astaci infection on signal crayfish, by assessing juvenile survival and adult behaviour following exposure to A. astaci zoospores. Juvenile signal crayfish suffered high mortality 4-weeks post-hatching, but not as older juveniles. Furthermore, adult signal crayfish with high-infection levels displayed altered behaviours, being less likely to leave the water, explore terrestrial areas and exhibit escape responses. Overall, we reveal that A. astaci infection affects signal crayfish to a much greater extent than previously considered, which may not only have direct consequences for invasions, but could substantially affect commercially harvested signal crayfish stocks worldwide.

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Eroded swimmeret syndrome in female crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus associated with Aphanomyces astaci and Fusarium spp. infections

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

Hosts and transmission of the crayfish plague pathogen Aphanomyces astaci: a review

Hosts and transmission of the crayfish plague pathogen Aphanomyces astaci: a review

Trichosporon jirovecii infection of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

Crayfish plague affects juvenile survival and adult behaviour of invasive signal crayfish

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