Erk5 contributes to maintaining the balance of cellular nucleotide levels and erythropoiesis

Angulo-Ibáñez, Maria; Rovira-Clavé, Xavier; Granados-Jaén, Alba; Downs, Bradley M.; Kim, Yeong C.; Wang, San Ming; Reina, Manuel; Espel, Enric

doi:10.1080/15384101.2015.1120914

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Like most kinases including MAPK members, ERK5 function is assumed to be driven by its kinase activity. ERK5 deletion is embryonic lethal in mice and a variety of tissue-or development-stage restricted KOs have shown clear phenotypes, suggesting that the catalytic function and/or an aspect of the nonkinase domain(s) have key roles in development and mature organ function (14)(15)(16)(17)(18). The availability of the first ERK5 inhibitor XMD8-92 enabled the study of phenotypes resulting from direct kinase inhibition (19,20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ERK5 kinase activity is dispensable for cellular immune response and proliferation

Lin¹,

Amantea²,

Nomanbhoy³

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

104

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Unlike other members of the MAPK family, ERK5 contains a large C-terminal domain with transcriptional activation capability in addition to an N-terminal canonical kinase domain. Genetic deletion of ERK5 is embryonic lethal, and tissue-restricted deletions have profound effects on erythroid development, cardiac function, and neurogenesis. In addition, depletion of ERK5 is antiinflammatory and antitumorigenic. Small molecule inhibition of ERK5 has been shown to have promising activity in cell and animal models of inflammation and oncology. Here we report the synthesis and biological characterization of potent, selective ERK5 inhibitors. In contrast to both genetic depletion/deletion of ERK5 and inhibition with previously reported compounds, inhibition of the kinase with the most selective of the new inhibitors had no antiinflammatory or antiproliferative activity. The source of efficacy in previously reported ERK5 inhibitors is shown to be off-target activity on bromodomains, conserved protein modules involved in recognition of acetyl-lysine residues during transcriptional processes. It is likely that phenotypes reported from genetic deletion or depletion of ERK5 arise from removal of a noncatalytic function of ERK5. The newly reported inhibitors should be useful in determining which of the many reported phenotypes are due to kinase activity and delineate which can be pharmacologically targeted.) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, which includes ERK1/2, JNK1/2/3, and p38α/β/δ/γ (1). However, unlike the other MAPK members, ERK5 contains a unique 400-amino-acid C-terminal domain in addition to the kinase domain. Through the MAPK signaling cascade, mitogenactivated protein kinase kinase 5 (MEK5) activates ERK5 by phosphorylating the TEY motif in the N-terminal activation loop (2). This event unlocks the N-and C-terminal halves, allowing ERK5 to auto-phosphorylate multiple sites in its C-terminal region, which can then regulate nuclear shuttling and gene transcription (3, 4). Noncanonical pathways (including cyclin-dependent kinases during mitosis and ERK1/2 during growth factor stimulation) also exist for phosphorylation of sites in the ERK5 tail (5-7). Although ERK5 has been demonstrated to directly phosphorylate transcription factors (8-10), the noncatalytic C-terminal tail of ERK5 can also interact with transcription factors and influence gene expression (4,11,12).ERK5 can be activated in response to a range of mitogenic stimuli [e.g., growth factors, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists, cytokines] and cellular stresses (e.g., hypoxia, shear stress) (13). Like most kinases including MAPK members, ERK5 function is assumed to be driven by its kinase activity. ERK5 deletion is embryonic lethal in mice and a variety of tissue-or development-stage restricted KOs have shown clear phenotypes, suggesting that the catalytic function and/or an aspect of the nonkinase domain(s) have key roles in development and mature organ function (14-18). The availability of the first ERK5 inhibitor ...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

ERK5 kinase activity is dispensable for cellular immune response and proliferation

Lin¹,

Amantea²,

Nomanbhoy³

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

104

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“…Moreover, the inverse correlation of miR-143 expression and ERK5 protein during granulopoiesis and in AML patient samples substantiate a functional interplay of miR-143 and ERK5 during normal granulocytic differentiation and in AML. Additionally, we could confirm functional involvement of ERK5 in myeloid differentiation 32 , 74 . These findings are in line with data from Wang et al suggesting that ERK5 activity directs hematopoietic lineage selection towards the monocytic phenotype as well as with data from Carvajal-Vergara et al showing that inhibition of ERK5 sensitizes cells to apoptosis 74 , 75 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

MicroRNA-143 targets ERK5 in granulopoiesis and predicts outcome of patients with acute myeloid leukemia

et al. 2018

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Hematopoiesis, the formation of blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), is a highly regulated process. Since the discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs), several studies have shown their significant role in the regulation of the hematopoietic system. Impaired expression of miRNAs leads to disrupted cellular pathways and in particular causes loss of hematopoietic ability. Here, we report a previously unrecognized function of miR-143 in granulopoiesis. Hematopoietic cells undergoing granulocytic differentiation exhibited increased miR-143 expression. Overexpression or ablation of miR-143 expression resulted in accelerated granulocytic differentiation or block of differentiation, respectively. The absence of miR-143 in mice resulted in a reduced number of mature granulocytes in blood and bone marrow. Additionally, we observed an association of high miR-143 expression levels with a higher probability of survival in two different cohorts of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Overexpression of miR-143 in AML cells impaired cell growth, partially induced differentiation, and caused apoptosis. Argonaute2-RNA-Immunoprecipitation assay revealed ERK5, a member of the MAPK-family, as a target of miR-143 in myeloid cells. Further, we observed an inverse correlation of miR-143 and ERK5 in primary AML patient samples, and in CD34+ HSPCs undergoing granulocytic differentiation and we confirmed functional relevance of ERK5 in myeloid cells. In conclusion, our data describe miR-143 as a relevant factor in granulocyte differentiation, whose expression may be useful as a prognostic and therapeutic factor in AML therapy.

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“…Previous studies suggest that ERK5-deficient cells develop altered nucleotide metabolism, impairing erythropoiesis in mice (Angulo-Ibanez et al, 2015). Erythropoiesis involves an ordered acquisition and loss of key differentiation markers (Koulnis et al, 2011).…”

Section: Mekk3-mek5-erk5 Pathway Is Required For Differentiation and mentioning

confidence: 99%

MEKK3-MEK5-ERK5 Signaling Promotes Mitochondrial Degradation

Craig

Miller

Rayavarapu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Mitochondria are vital organelles that coordinate cellular energy homeostasis and have important roles in cell death. Therefore, the removal of damaged or excessive mitochondria is critical for maintaining proper cellular function. The PINK1-Parkin pathway removes acutely damaged mitochondria through a well-characterized mitophagy pathway, but basal mitochondrial turnover occurs via distinct and less well-understood mechanisms. Here we report that the MEKK3-MEK5-ERK5 kinase cascade is required for mitochondrial degradation in the absence of exogenous damage. We demonstrate that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the MEKK3-MEK5-ERK5 pathway increases mitochondrial content by reducing lysosome-mediated degradation of mitochondria under basal conditions. We show that the MEKK3-MEK5-ERK5 pathway plays a selective role in basal mitochondrial degradation but is not required for non-selective bulk autophagy, damage-induced mitophagy, or restraint of mitochondrial biogenesis. This illuminates the MEKK3-MEK5-ERK5 pathway as a positive regulator of mitochondrial degradation that acts independently of exogenous mitochondrial stressors.

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Erk5 contributes to maintaining the balance of cellular nucleotide levels and erythropoiesis

Cited by 8 publications

References 61 publications

ERK5 kinase activity is dispensable for cellular immune response and proliferation

ERK5 kinase activity is dispensable for cellular immune response and proliferation

MicroRNA-143 targets ERK5 in granulopoiesis and predicts outcome of patients with acute myeloid leukemia

MEKK3-MEK5-ERK5 Signaling Promotes Mitochondrial Degradation

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