Ergosterol as an indicator of mould growth on wood in relation to culture age, humidity stress and nutrient level

Bjurman, Jonny

doi:10.1016/0964-8305(94)90013-2

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Other investigators have reported a great dependence between ergosterol content and the number of spores (Schnpurer, 1991) as well as the colony-forming units (CFU) of mould spores on rye (Magan, 1993), in house dust (Saraf, Larsson, Burge, & Milton, 1997), building materials (Gutarowska & Zakowska, 2002) and wood samples (Pasanen, Yli-Pietila, Pasanen, Kalliokoski, & Tarhanen, 1999). The level of ergosterol in the fungal cell has been found to depend on the physiological forms of the fungus, the species, the age, amount of the nutrient medium, moisture content and environmental factors (Bjurman, 1994;Gutarowska, 1999;Pasanen et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Preliminary survey of indoor and outdoor airborne microfungi at coastal buildings in Egypt

El-Morsy

2006

Aerobiologia

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Forty six species and two sterile fungi and yeast species were isolated from samples collected both indoors and outdoors of coastal buildings located in an Egyptian coastal city. Twenty flats from ten buildings were investigated; children living in these buildings have been reported to suffer from respiratory illnesses. Samples were taken using a New Brunswick sampler (model STA-101) operating for 3.0 min at a flow rate of 6.0 l/min. Most of the species isolated have been associated with symptoms of respiratory allergies. Indoors the total culturable fungal count was 1548 CFU/m 3 ; outdoors, it was 1452 CFU/m 3 . Indoor values of culturable fungal count, total spores count and ergosterol content ranged from 52 to 124 CFU/m 3 , 100 to 400 spore/m 3 and 5 to 27.7 mg/m 3 , respectively, whereas outdoor levels typically varied between 25 and 222 CFU/m 3 , 110 and 900 spore/m 3 and 3.3 and 67.2 mg/m 3 , respectively. The maxima for these parameters were detected indoors in house no. 6 and outdoors, outside of house no. 7. The most abundant species were primarily mitosporic (2832 CFU/m 3 ). The most frequent species in both the indoor and outdoor samples were Cladosporium cladosporioides followed by Alternaria alternata and Penicillium chrysogenum,with inside:outside ratios of 1.4, 1.8 and 1.9, respectively. The patterns of fungal abundance were influenced to some extent by changes in the relative humidity and temperature. Other factors, such as type of culture media, rate of sedimentation, size, survival rates of spore and species competition,also affected fungal counts and should be taken into consideration during any analysis of bioaerosol data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Preliminary survey of indoor and outdoor airborne microfungi at coastal buildings in Egypt

El-Morsy

2006

Aerobiologia

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“…Previous studies suggested that environmental factors can influence the ergosterol content: it was lower in mycelia growing on low nutrient media and after moisture stress (West et al 1987;Bjurman 1994) and it decreased in older cultures and after reduced aeration (Nout et al 1987). Therefore, the ergosterol content might be higher at conditions which are more suitable for fungal growth (higher nutrient media, less moisture stress, better aeration and younger cultures etc.).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some studies have shown that the amount of ergosterol can be dependent on species (Pasanen et al 1999;Marin et al 2005). Studies have also shown that environmental factors can influence the ergosterol content: it was lower in mycelia growing on low nutrient media and after moisture stress (West et al 1987;Bjurman 1994) and it decreased in older cultures and after reduced aeration (Nout et al 1987). Even during short-term experiments in surface liquid cultures, the conversion factor for cultures of Penicillium brevicompactum varied from 2 to 10 mg g )1 dry weight of mycelia in one study (Bjurman 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have also shown that environmental factors can influence the ergosterol content: it was lower in mycelia growing on low nutrient media and after moisture stress (West et al 1987;Bjurman 1994) and it decreased in older cultures and after reduced aeration (Nout et al 1987). Even during short-term experiments in surface liquid cultures, the conversion factor for cultures of Penicillium brevicompactum varied from 2 to 10 mg g )1 dry weight of mycelia in one study (Bjurman 1994). However, estimation of ergosterol amount is still well accepted as a reliable method to detect and quantify the existence of fungi in mycological and environmental studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ergosterol determination by HPLC with a UV detector was first introduced by Seitz et al (1977) as a measure of fungal growth in grain. Since then ergosterol analysis has been used in many studies (Newell 1992;Bjurman 1994;Axelsson et al 1995;Larsson and Larsson 2001;Sebastian and Larsson 2003) and different variants have been developed with or without a hydrolysis step.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of temperature on growth and metabolic efficiency ofPenicillium roqueforti- correlations between produced heat, ergosterol content and biomass

Wadsö

Larsson

2009

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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The influence of temperature on the growth of the mould Penicillium roqueforti growing on malt extract agar was studied by correlating the produced heat (measured by isothermal calorimetry), ergosterol content (quantified by GC‐MS/MS) and biomass of the mould at 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C. The results were analysed with a simple metabolic model from which the metabolic efficiency was calculated. The results show that the impact of temperature on growth rate and metabolic efficiency are different: although the mould fungus had the highest growth rate (in terms of thermal power, which was continuously measured) at 25°C, the substrate carbon conversion efficiency (biomass production divided by substrate consumption, both counted as moles carbon) was the highest at 20°C. The temperature of the most rapid growth did not therefore equal the temperature of the most efficient growth.

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Sampling and Analysis Methods

Welker¹,

Nagarajan²,

Newberg³

2005

Contamination and ESD Control in High‐Technology Manufacturing

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Ergosterol as an indicator of mould growth on wood in relation to culture age, humidity stress and nutrient level

Cited by 39 publications

References 24 publications

Preliminary survey of indoor and outdoor airborne microfungi at coastal buildings in Egypt

Preliminary survey of indoor and outdoor airborne microfungi at coastal buildings in Egypt

Impact of temperature on growth and metabolic efficiency ofPenicillium roqueforti- correlations between produced heat, ergosterol content and biomass

Sampling and Analysis Methods

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