Ergopeptine Alkaloids and Neotyphodium lolii-Mediated Resistance in Perennial Ryegrass Against Adult Heteronychus arator (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Ball, Olivier J.-P.; Miles, Christopher O.; Prestidge, R. A.

doi:10.1093/jee/90.5.1382

Cited by 104 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast, lolitrem B is the cause of ryegrass staggers and has some minor effects on Argentine stem weevil (Fletcher and Harvey 1981;Fletcher 1982;di Menna et al 2012). Ergovaline causes heat stress (Klotz 2015), as well as giving ryegrass protection against black beetle (Heteronychus arator) (Ball et al 1997;Popay and Hume 2011). Due to the beneficial effects of endophytes, the cultivation of endophyte-free ryegrass for permanent pastures is not a costeffective option under most farming conditions in Australia and New Zealand due to poor productivity and persistence of the ryegrass component (Hume and Sewell 2014;Thom et al 2014).…”

Section: Nirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of ryegrass staggers and heat stress in sheep grazing ryegrass-endophyte associations with diverse alkaloid profiles

Fletcher

Finch

Sutherland

et al. 2017

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AIMS: To compare ryegrass pastures infected with endophytes producing diverse alkaloids for their ability to cause ryegrass staggers in grazing lambs; to compare respiration rates and rectal temperatures of these lambs after exposure to heat stress, and to compare liveweight gains during the study period.METHODS: Ryegrass pastures of cultivar Trojan infected with NEA endophytes, branded NEA2 (T-NEA2), endophyte-free Trojan (T-NIL), Samson infected with standard endophyte (S-STD), Samson infected with AR37 endophyte (S-AR37) and endophyte-free Samson (S-NIL), were grazed by lambs (n=30 per cultivar) for up to 48 days in February and March of 2012 and 2013. Pasture samples were analysed for alkaloid concentrations and lambs were scored for ryegrass staggers at intervals during the study period. Liveweight was recorded at the start (Day 0) and end of the study, and rectal temperatures and respiratory rates were measured in lambs exposed to heat stress on Days 23 and 26, in 2012 and 2013, respectively. RESULTS: Concentrations of alkaloids were lower in 2012 than 2013, associated with warmer and drier conditions in 2013, and the prevalence of ryegrass staggers was low in 2012. In 2013, concentrations of ergovaline were similar in T-NEA2 and S-STD, but concentrations of lolitrem B were lower in T-NEA2 than S-STD. S-AR37 produced epoxy-janthitrems but no lolitrem B or ergovaline. In 2013, by Day 20, 9/30 (30%) sheep grazing S-STD had severe staggers (score ≥4), and by Day 47 all sheep had been removed from this cultivar due to severe staggers. By Day 47, 18/30 (60%), 4/30 (13%) and 0/ 30 (0%) sheep grazing S-AR37, T-NEA2 and T-NIL pastures, respectively, had severe staggers. There were no differences in mean daily weight gain of lambs between cultivars in either year. In both years, mean rectal temperature and respiration rate following exposure to heat stress were highest in sheep grazing S-STD and T-NEA2, and lowest in sheep grazing T-NIL. CONCLUSIONS: In lambs grazing different ryegrass pastures infected with endophytes, ryegrass staggers was most severe on S-STD, less severe on S-AR37 and least on T-NEA2. When under heat stress, lambs grazing ergovaline-producing S-STD and T-NEA2 pastures had increased respiration rates and rectal temperatures compared with lambs grazing T-NIL.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: If ambient temperatures are suitable, NEA2-branded endophytes have the potential to express concentrations of ergovaline sufficient to induce heat stress in grazing sheep.

show abstract

Section: Nirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of ryegrass staggers and heat stress in sheep grazing ryegrass-endophyte associations with diverse alkaloid profiles

Fletcher

Finch

Sutherland

et al. 2017

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Peramine, lolitrem B, lysergol-type alkaloids, festuclavine and lisergic acid showed no effects on the insect. Ergovine showed moderate effects whereas ergotamine, ergovaline from the ergot-type alkaloid family seem to be responsible for the plant resistance (Ball et al, 1997b).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Insect Control Displayed By Endophytic Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic microorganisms: a review on insect control and recent advances on tropical plants

Azevedo¹,

Maccheroni²,

Pereira³

et al. 2000

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

557

320

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the past two decades, a great deal of information on the role of endophytic microorganisms in nature has been collected. The capability of colonizing internal host tissues has made endophytes valuable for agriculture as a tool to improve crop performance. In this review, we addressed the major topics concerning the control of insects-pests by endophytic microorganisms. Several examples of insect control are described, notably those involving the interactions between fungi and grazing grasses from temperate countries. The mechanisms by which endophytic fungi control insect attacks are listed and include toxin production as well as the influence of these compounds on plant and livestock and how their production may be affected by genetic and environmental conditions. The importance of endophytic entomopathogenic fungi for insect control is also addressed. As the literature has shown, there is a lack of information on endophytes from tropical hosts, which are more severely affected by pests and diseases. The natural and biological control of pests and diseases affecting cultivated plants has gained much attention in the past decades as a way of reducing the use of chemical products in agriculture. Biological control has been frequently used in Brazil, supported by the development of basic and applied research on this field not only in our country but also in South America as it can be found in several reviews (Lecuona, 1996;Alves, 1998;Melo and Azevedo, 1998). In fact, by having vast agriculturable areas and most of its territory in the tropical region, Brazil and all Latin America, show their agriculture severely affected by agricultural pests. The use of agrochemicals, although decreasing the attack of insects and phytopathogenic microorganisms, still represents a high risk to field workers and consumers. In addition, their use is, in certain cases, economically unviable. The control of pests and diseases by means of biological processes i. e., use of entomopathogenic microorganisms or those that inhibit/antagonise other microorganisms pathogenic to plants, is an alternative that may contribute to reduce or eliminate the use of chemical products in agriculture.

show abstract

“…Endophyte strains that do not produce the characteristic toxic molecules have been commercialised for use in agriculture (Fletcher et al 1991;Easton et al 2001;Bouton et al 2002). However, the ergot alkaloids and indole diterpenes are also active against some invertebrates (Dymock et al 1989;Popay et al 1990;Ball et al 1997;Popay and Bonos 2005) and contribute to the fitness of the associations producing them.…”

Section: Biology Of Grass-endophyte Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grasses and Neotyphodium endophytes: co-adaptation and adaptive breeding

Easton

2006

Euphytica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neotyphodium endophytes profoundly affect the biology of their host grasses, including the important forage species perennial ryegrass, tall fescue and meadow fescue. The endophytic association is finely balanced, involving adaptation in each associate. The evidence for co-adaptation is discussed. The presence of endophyte, and the difference between endophyte strains, can affect some plant properties more than genetic variation intrinsic to the host. Conversely, host genotype exerts significant influence on the activity of the endophyte. Control of endophyte status is essential in any grass breeding programme, and developing knowledge of endophyte and its role in a herbage association offers new opportunities to grass breeders.

show abstract

Ergopeptine Alkaloids and Neotyphodium lolii-Mediated Resistance in Perennial Ryegrass Against Adult Heteronychus arator (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Cited by 104 publications

References 0 publications

The occurrence of ryegrass staggers and heat stress in sheep grazing ryegrass-endophyte associations with diverse alkaloid profiles

The occurrence of ryegrass staggers and heat stress in sheep grazing ryegrass-endophyte associations with diverse alkaloid profiles

Endophytic microorganisms: a review on insect control and recent advances on tropical plants

Grasses and Neotyphodium endophytes: co-adaptation and adaptive breeding

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About