Ergonomics and the inclusion of people with disabilities in a Brazilian workplace

Sobrinho, Francisco de Paula Nunes; Lucena, Uilielma Ferreira de

doi:10.3233/wor-2012-0022-4709

“…Using a thorough ergonomic work analysis assessment in work situations, occupational therapists can provide tailored interventions for clients with visual impairment to meet the physical and social demands of the workstation. Interventions may include adjusting and rearranging the work-based environment, providing specialized assistive technology devices that enhance and/or substitute vision to access work-related information or the work environment, and teaching the client to use compensatory strategies for job/task specific duties [ 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience of Multisensory Environments in Public Space among People with Visual Impairment

Jenkins

¹

,

Yuen

²

,

Vogtle

³

2015

IJERPH

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This qualitative study explored the role of sensory characteristics embedded in the built environment and whether they support or hinder people with visual impairment in their use of public spaces. An online survey link was e-mailed to the presidents and committee members of each state’s chapters and associations of the National Federation of the Blind in the United States, resulting in 451 direct invitations to participate. Written responses of the survey questions from 48 respondents with visual impairment were analyzed. Three main themes: Barriers, Supporters, and Context-Dependence emerged from the respondents’ experience of multisensory characteristics within the built environment. The four subthemes subsumed in Barriers were: (1) Population specific design, (2) Extreme sensory backgrounds, (3) Uneven ground surfaces and objects, and (4) Inconsistent lighting. For Supporters, respondents provided specific examples of various sensory characteristics in built environments, including audible cues and echoes, smells, tactile quality of the ground surface, and temperature. Context-Dependence referred to the effects of sensory characteristics embedded in public spaces depending on one’s vision condition, the proximity to the sensory cues and the purpose of the activities one was performing at that moment. Findings provide occupational therapy practitioners an in-depth understanding of the transactional relationship between embedded sensory characteristics in the built environment, occupations, and people with visual impairment in order to make appropriate modifications or removal of barriers that affect occupational performance and engagement. Suggestions for occupational therapists as well as architects, designers, planners, policy makers/legislators related to functional sensory cues in the design of built environments were provided to increase accessibility in the use of public spaces by people with visual impairment.

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Evidence to Inform Occupational Therapy Intervention With Adults With Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review

Blaskowitz

¹

,

Johnson

²

,

Bergfelt

³

et al. 2021

Am J Occup Ther

1

0

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were published in a peer-reviewed journal, (3) included content about people ages 18 yr or older with primary or coexisting ID at any level, and (4) included information relevant to occupational therapy practice (e.g., related to occupational performance strengths and needs of people with ID). Articles were excluded if they (1) were literary criticism (e.g., book reviews, editorials) or conference proceedings; (2) were gray literature (e.g., dissertations, government reports); or (3) included only participants with physical, developmental, or cognitive disabilities without ID (e.g., adult-onset muscular dystrophy, high-functioning ASD, dementia). To establish reliability, three authors independently screened 20 titles and abstracts for inclusion, compared their decisions, discussed their reasoning, and came to consensus, documenting any clarification regarding inclusion and exclusion criteria. These authors conducted this reliability consensus of 20 articles three times until they reached 90% consistency. Map the DataWe identified 3,402 articles for screening (1,203 PsycINFO; 1,102 CINAHL; 732 Scopus; and 365 PubMed). A total of 826 duplicates were removed, resulting in 2,576 articles to be screened. After reviewing titles and abstracts, we deemed 2,007 articles irrelevant to the research question, leaving 569 articles to be assessed for inclusion. Two authors conducted full-text screenings of each article, and three authors discussed and came to consensus regarding any disagreements about inclusion to ensure reliability. Of the 569 articles assessed, 410 were excluded, leaving 159 that met the inclusion criteria (Figure 1).To analyze the full text of included articles, we extracted key information (e.g., purpose of the study, sample characteristics, types of evidence provided, areas of occupation addressed, measures used, implications for intervention) from each article into a shared Excel (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA) spreadsheet. For each article, one author completed the initial data extraction, and a second author reviewed and added to this information. The articles were divided into three major categories on the basis of the type of evidence that the article provided: descriptive, assessment, or intervention. Evaluate and Summarize FindingsTo develop codes for the 57 intervention articles, three authors independently reviewed extracted data, proposed inductive codes and descriptions, and deliberated initial codes. These authors reviewed the extracted data and referred to the full articles until they reached consensus about the coding structure, which developed into intervention outcome categories and intervention strategy categories. Subsequently, these authors assigned each article outcome and strategy codes, as appropriate, and used a shared audit trail to track individual coding. These authors also discussed differences in coding and referred back to full-text articles until reaching consensus. ResultsOf the 159 articles that met the inclusion criteria for the larger scoping review, data were extracted ...

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Evidence to Inform Occupational Therapy Intervention With Adults With Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review

Blaskowitz

¹

,

Johnson

²

,

Bergfelt

³

et al. 2021

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy

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were published in a peer-reviewed journal, (3) included content about people ages 18 yr or older with primary or coexisting ID at any level, and (4) included information relevant to occupational therapy practice (e.g., related to occupational performance strengths and needs of people with ID). Articles were excluded if they (1) were literary criticism (e.g., book reviews, editorials) or conference proceedings; (2) were gray literature (e.g., dissertations, government reports); or (3) included only participants with physical, developmental, or cognitive disabilities without ID (e.g., adult-onset muscular dystrophy, high-functioning ASD, dementia). To establish reliability, three authors independently screened 20 titles and abstracts for inclusion, compared their decisions, discussed their reasoning, and came to consensus, documenting any clarification regarding inclusion and exclusion criteria. These authors conducted this reliability consensus of 20 articles three times until they reached 90% consistency. Map the DataWe identified 3,402 articles for screening (1,203 PsycINFO; 1,102 CINAHL; 732 Scopus; and 365 PubMed). A total of 826 duplicates were removed, resulting in 2,576 articles to be screened. After reviewing titles and abstracts, we deemed 2,007 articles irrelevant to the research question, leaving 569 articles to be assessed for inclusion. Two authors conducted full-text screenings of each article, and three authors discussed and came to consensus regarding any disagreements about inclusion to ensure reliability. Of the 569 articles assessed, 410 were excluded, leaving 159 that met the inclusion criteria (Figure 1).To analyze the full text of included articles, we extracted key information (e.g., purpose of the study, sample characteristics, types of evidence provided, areas of occupation addressed, measures used, implications for intervention) from each article into a shared Excel (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA) spreadsheet. For each article, one author completed the initial data extraction, and a second author reviewed and added to this information. The articles were divided into three major categories on the basis of the type of evidence that the article provided: descriptive, assessment, or intervention. Evaluate and Summarize FindingsTo develop codes for the 57 intervention articles, three authors independently reviewed extracted data, proposed inductive codes and descriptions, and deliberated initial codes. These authors reviewed the extracted data and referred to the full articles until they reached consensus about the coding structure, which developed into intervention outcome categories and intervention strategy categories. Subsequently, these authors assigned each article outcome and strategy codes, as appropriate, and used a shared audit trail to track individual coding. These authors also discussed differences in coding and referred back to full-text articles until reaching consensus. ResultsOf the 159 articles that met the inclusion criteria for the larger scoping review, data were extracted ...

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Ergonomics and the inclusion of people with disabilities in a Brazilian workplace

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Experience of Multisensory Environments in Public Space among People with Visual Impairment

Experience of Multisensory Environments in Public Space among People with Visual Impairment

Evidence to Inform Occupational Therapy Intervention With Adults With Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review

Evidence to Inform Occupational Therapy Intervention With Adults With Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review

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