ERD studies of D-ion depth distributions after implantation into some pure metals and alloys

Didyk²

2016

JPSA

High-pressure chambers filled with gaseous hydrogen (HHPC), deuterium (DHPC) and helium (HeHPC) under different initial pressures from about 1 kbar up to 3 kbar were irradiated with braking γ-rays of threshold energy 10 MeV during varying periods of exposure at the electron beam currents 22-24 µА. Upon opening of these chambers, a lot of new synthesized structures with unusual element compositions very different from the initial ones were found. The described phenomena agree well with a series of studies by authors carried out under the action of γ-rays on dense gases of hydrogen, deuterium and helium in the presence of chosen metals in the reaction chamber.

Section: Results Of γ-Raymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of New Structures and Substances in Dense Gases Н2, D2 and He under Irradiation by Braking 10 MeV γ-rays in Cu0.98Be0.02 Pressure Chamber

Didyk²

2016

JPSA

“…The element compositions of synthesized particles and objects, as well as the surface structure of elements of the DHPC (deuterium high pressure chamber), have been studied using samples of metals such as Al, V, Cu, Pd, Sn, Re, YMn 2 alloy and stainless steel in the shape of rods and wires which were placed in molecular deuterium gas under high pressure and acted on by braking γ-rays of 10 MeV [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and 23 MeV [8][9][10][11][12] energy. Analogous investigations aimed to study the possibilities of nuclear reactions were performed using HHPC (hydrogen high pressure chambers) with Pd-rods inside [13] and in the presence of hydrogen without any metallic samples in the chamber [14,16] under irradiation by 10MeV braking γ-rays.…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Physical Properties of Graphite-Like Objects Obtained by γ Quanta Irradiation with Threshold Energy of 10 MeV of Pure Gaseous He, under High Pressure, in CuBe2 Apparatus

Wilczynska-Kitowska²,

Mazerewicz³

2016

JPSA

A HeHPC (helium high pressure chamber) filled up with pure gaseous helium at initial pressure about 1.1 kbar was irradiated by braking γ-rays of 10 MeV threshold energy during 1.0 × 10 5 s at the electron beam current (22-24) μА. After irradiation, the residual pressure inside was equal to 430 bar. Synthesized foils of black color and other multiple objects were found inside the HeHPC mainly at the entrance window for γ-rays made from beryllium bronze as a plug of beryllium bronze HPC, (published earlier) at the inner surfaces of the reaction chamber made of high purity copper and at the copper collector. Firstly, the element analysis, using SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and MPRA (microprobe roentgen analysis), allowed us to establish that the foils consist predominantly of carbon and oxygen and smaller quantities of other elements up to iron. Two years later some physical properties such as (low) density, (high) resistivity, magnetic (high paramagnetic) and dielectric (medium relative dielectric constant) properties were determined. A new carbon reach structure was also postulated basing on obtained diffractometer data. The second used method (see text) for element content determination, in principle, has confirmed the previous one.

“…The element compositions of synthesized particles and objects, as well as the surface structure of elements of the DHPC (Deuterium high pressure chamber), have been studied using samples of metals such as Al, V, Cu, Pd, Sn, Re, YMn 2 alloy and stainless steel in the shape of rods and wires which were placed in molecular deuterium gas under high pressure and acted on by braking γ-rays of 10 MeV [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and 23 MeV [8][9][10][11][12] energy. Analogous investigations aimed to study the possibilities of nuclear reactions were performed using HHPC (Hydrogen high pressure chambers) with Pd-rods inside [13] and in the presence of hydrogen without any metallic samples in the chamber [14,16] under irradiation by 10 MeV braking γ-rays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objects Obtained by γ Quanta Irradiation with Threshold Energy of 10 MeV of Pure Gaseous He, under High Pressure, in CuBe2 Apparatus

Didyk²,

Wilczynska-Kitowska³

2015

JPSA

A HeHPC (Helium high pressure chamber) filled up with pure gaseous helium at initial pressure about 1.1 bar was irradiated by braking γ-rays of 10 MeV threshold energy during 1.0 × 10 5 s at the electron beam current 22 ~ 24 μА. After irradiation, the residual pressure inside was equal to 430 bar. Synthesized foils of black color and other multiple objects were found inside the HeHPC mainly at the entrance window for γ-rays made from beryllium bronze as a plug of beryllium bronze HPC, at the inner surfaces of the reaction chamber made of high purity copper and at the copper collector. The element analysis, using SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) and MPRA (Microprobe roentgen analysis), allowed us to establish that the foils consist predominantly of carbon and the smaller quantities of other elements from carbon to iron. An explanation for the observed elements is suggested on the basis of helium fusion reactions under the action of γ-rays with the reactions taking place in giant stars (thermally activated). The possible mechanism after 3α reaction is nα reactions and under barrier reactions. A second experiment with initial pressure of 3.05 kbar (with pressure drop by about 65 bar -after almost the same procedure of γ-rays irradiation and with fully beryl bronze environment) suggests another possible nuclear reactions -He(Be, p)C, He(C, γ)O, and so on. The developed approach agrees well with a series of studies carried out by the authors where dense hydrogen and deuterium gases are acted on by γ-rays in the presence or absence of metals in the reaction chambers.