Erbium doped tellurite glasses with improved thermal properties as promising candidates for laser action and amplification

Spectroscopic and laser properties of Er3+ doped fluoro-phosphate glasses as promising candidates for broadband optical fiber lasers and amplifiers

“…Similarly, these cross-section parameters are obtained for all FP glasses. It is evident that the emission cross-section is high in the lithium fluoro-phosphate glass with the value of 14.5x10 -21 cm 2 which is comparable to those obtained for Er 3+ doped phosphate glasses 6.43x10 -21 cm 2 [38]; germanium-silicate glasses 9.55x10 -21 cm 2 [39]; bismuth borate glasses 10.3x10 -21 cm 2 [40] and lower than that of tellurite glasses [27]; chalcogeneide glasses 15.73x10 -21 cm 2 [41]; The large value of emission cross section indicates that this glass is a promising material for lasing action. Besides, stimulated emission cross-section is low for the bismuth FP glass matrix (5.3x10 -21 cm 2 ).…”

“…The obtained value of Ω 2 in lithium fluoro-phosphate glass is 9.91x10 -20 cm 2 which is higher than that in glasses such as bismuthate [25], phosphate [26], tellurite [27], borosilicate [28] and fluoro-phosphate [29] which indicates that higher asymmetry/covalency between erbium and oxygen ligand than the above glasses.…”

“…In the case of sodium and bismuth glass matrices observed trend is found to be  2 > 4 > 6. [25][26][27][28][29]. The Ω 4 and Ω 6 parameters are related to the rigidity and viscosity of the medium in which the ions are situated and the Ω 4 parameter is affected by the factors causing the changes of Ω 2 and Ω 6 .…”

Erbium-Doped Polymer Waveguide Amplifiers for Board-Level Optical Interconnects

“…Three main loss components can be identified: propagation and coupling loss due light propagation in the polymer waveguide (polymer-only), scattering (Rayleigh) loss due to the presence of the NPs, and erbium absorption loss due to the presence of Er ions. The polymer-only loss is estimated using a non-doped polymer waveguide of the same dimensions and length, while the scattering loss is calculated using a Rayleigh model [29] and the fact that very low Er-induced absorption losses are expected at the longer wavelength of 1575 nm [30]. The analysis reveals a scattering loss in the range of 11 to 14 dB for wavelength range studied.…”

The 1.85 μm spectroscopic properties of Er 3+ /Tm 3+ co-doped tellurite glasses containing silver nanoparticles

“…the glass transition temperature them. More often, the difference T ∆ is a suitable measure for the thermal stability against crystallization and a large T ∆ represents strong inhibition of nucleation and crystallizing actions [26,27]. Therefore, it is desirable for the glass host to possess T ∆ as large as possible.…”