Eradication of Chronic HCV Infection: Improvement of Dysbiosis Only in Patients Without Liver Cirrhosis

Wellhöner, Freya; Döscher, Nico; Woelfl, Franziska; Vital, Marius; Plumeier, Iris; Kahl, Silke; Potthoff, Andrej; Manns, Michael P.; Pieper, Dietmar H.; Cornberg, Markus; Wedemeyer, Heiner; Heidrich, B.

doi:10.1002/hep.31700

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…and Bifidobacterium spp. increased significantly 6-12 months after the achievement of SVR only in non-cirrhotic patients [42]. This confirms that treatment with DAAs can improve the gut microbiota profile in the shortterm, especially in the early stage of liver disease, while in cirrhotic patients restoration of the gut microbiota may require more time.…”

Section: Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv)supporting

confidence: 62%

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with HBV Infection or Other Chronic Liver Diseases: Update on Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Paratore

Santopaolo

Cammarota

et al. 2021

JCM

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Liver disease and gut dysbiosis are strictly associated, and the pathophysiology of this bidirectional relationship has recently been the subject of several investigations. Growing evidence highlights the link between gut microbiota composition, impairment of the gut-liver axis, and the development or progression of liver disease. Therefore, the modulation of gut microbiota to maintain homeostasis of the gut-liver axis could represent a potential instrument to halt liver damage, modify the course of liver disease, and improve clinical outcomes. Among all the methods available to achieve this purpose, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is one of the most promising, being able to directly reshape the recipient’s gut microbial communities. In this review, we report the main characteristics of gut dysbiosis and its pathogenetic consequences in cirrhotic patients, discussing the emerging data on the application of FMT for liver disease in different clinical settings.

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Section: Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv)supporting

confidence: 62%

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with HBV Infection or Other Chronic Liver Diseases: Update on Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Paratore

Santopaolo

Cammarota

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…After treatment, the composition of the gut and oral microbiota in patients with mild fibrosis without cirrhosis was found to be similar to that of healthy individuals. Treatment-induced changes in the α-diversity were observed predominantly only in patients with a less advanced disease [ 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 ]. These results emphasize the importance of early therapeutic interventions for improving liver function by regulating the gut microbiota composition.…”

Section: Hepatitis Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Microbiota in Viral Infections and Pathological Progression

Mizutani

Ishizaka

Koga

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Viral infections are influenced by various microorganisms in the environment surrounding the target tissue, and the correlation between the type and balance of commensal microbiota is the key to establishment of the infection and pathogenicity. Some commensal microorganisms are known to resist or promote viral infection, while others are involved in pathogenicity. It is also becoming evident that the profile of the commensal microbiota under normal conditions influences the progression of viral diseases. Thus, to understand the pathogenesis underlying viral infections, it is important to elucidate the interactions among viruses, target tissues, and the surrounding environment, including the commensal microbiota, which should have different relationships with each virus. In this review, we outline the role of microorganisms in viral infections. Particularly, we focus on gaining an in-depth understanding of the correlations among viral infections, target tissues, and the surrounding environment, including the commensal microbiota and the gut virome, and discussing the impact of changes in the microbiota (dysbiosis) on the pathological progression of viral infections.

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“…Ponziani et al described that cure of HCV infection in patients with cirrhosis is associated with modification of the gut microbiota, but does not improve intestinal barrier function 43 . Wellhöner et al reported that HCV eradication in CHC patients was associated with changes in the microbiome, which were only seen in patients without liver cirrhosis 44 . As our current and previous reports have been limited to studying the state during HCV infection, 17 the characteristics of the microbiome and bile acid metabolism after HCV elimination, especially in patients with cirrhosis, require clarification in a future study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…42 Recently, 2 reports on the microbiome of CHC patients after HCV elimination have been published. 43,44 Ponziani et al described that cure of HCV infection in patients with cirrhosis is associated with modification of the gut microbiota, but does not improve intestinal barrier function. 43 Wellhöner et al reported that HCV eradication in CHC patients was associated with changes in the microbiome, which were only seen in patients without liver cirrhosis.…”

Section: In Vivo Gut-microbiota-liver Axis During Hcv Infection In a ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile acid dysmetabolism in the gut‐microbiota‐liver axis under hepatitis C virus infection

Funatsu

Ohnishi

Isogawa

et al. 2021

Liver International

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Background & Aims We recently analysed and reported the features of the micro biome under hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but the effect of HCV infection on bile acid (BA) metabolism in the gut‐liver axis remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of the gut‐liver axis in HCV‐infected patients. Methods The faecal BAs composition and gut microbiota from 100 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients were compared with those from 23 healthy individuals. For transcriptional analysis of the liver, 22 mild CHC (fibrosis stages [F] 0‐2) and 42 advanced CHC (F3‐4) cases were compared with 12 healthy individuals. The findings were confirmed using chimeric mice with human hepatocytes infected with HCV HCR6. Results Chronic hepatitis C patients, even at earlier disease stages, showed BA profiles distinct from healthy individuals, in which faecal deoxycholic acid (DCA) was significantly reduced and lithocholic acid or ursodeoxycholic acid became dominant. The decrease in faecal DCA was correlated with reduction in commensal Clostridiales and increase in oral Lactobacillales. Impaired biosynthesis of cholic acid (CA) was observed as a reduction in the transcription level of cytochrome P450 8B1 (CYP8B1), a key enzyme in CA biosynthesis. The reductions in faecal DCA and liver CYP8B1 were also observed in HCV‐infected chimeric mice. Conclusions Chronic hepatitis C alters the intestinal BA profile, in association with the imbalance of BA biosynthesis, which differs from the pattern in NAFLD. These imbalances appear to drive disease progression through the gut‐microbiome‐liver axis.

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Eradication of Chronic HCV Infection: Improvement of Dysbiosis Only in Patients Without Liver Cirrhosis

Cited by 23 publications

References 51 publications

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with HBV Infection or Other Chronic Liver Diseases: Update on Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with HBV Infection or Other Chronic Liver Diseases: Update on Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Role of Microbiota in Viral Infections and Pathological Progression

Bile acid dysmetabolism in the gut‐microbiota‐liver axis under hepatitis C virus infection

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