Eradicating the Scourge of Peste Des Petits Ruminants from the World

Njeumi, Félix; Bailey, Dalan; Soula, Jean Jacques; Diop, Bouna; Tekola, Berhe G.

doi:10.3390/v12030313

Cited by 27 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Thus, control measures for ongoing livestock disease outbreaks in the region (e.g. foot and mouth disease, Rift Valley fever), the peste des petits ruminants eradication campaign, and for endemic diseases of importance like contagious caprine pleuropneumonia are critical (Njeumi et al 2020 ; ProMED-mail 2020a , b ). Decreased or limited access to pastoral areas by animal health personnel can harm these efforts.…”

Section: Pastoral Food and Livelihood Security: Offsetting The Secondmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in pastoral contexts in the greater Horn of Africa: Implications and recommendations

et al. 2020

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COVID-19 is a global pandemic that continues to spread around the world, including to Africa where cases are steadily increasing. The African Centres for Disease Control and Prevention is leading the pandemic response in Africa, with direction from the World Health Organization guidelines for critical preparedness, readiness, and response actions. These are written for national governments, lacking nuance for population and local differences. In the greater Horn of Africa, conditions unique to pastoralists such as inherent mobility and limited health and service infrastructure will influence the dynamics of COVID-19. In this paper, we present a One Health approach to the pandemic, consisting of interdisciplinary and intersectoral collaboration focused on the determinants of health and health outcomes amongst pastoralists. Our contextualized public health strategy includes community One Health teams and suggestions for where to implement targeted public health measures. We also analyse the interaction of COVID-19 impacts, including those caused directly by the disease and those that result from control efforts, with ongoing shocks and vulnerabilities in the region (e.g. desert locusts, livestock disease outbreaks, floods, conflict, and development displacement). We give recommendations on how to prepare for and respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and its secondary impacts on pastoral areas. Given that the full impact of COVID-19 on pastoral areas is unknown currently, our health recommendations focus on disease prevention and understanding disease epidemiology. We emphasize targeting pastoral toponymies with public health measures to secure market access and mobility while combating the direct health impacts of COVID-19. A contextualized approach for the COVID-19 public health response in pastoral areas in the Greater Horn of Africa, including how the pandemic will interact with existing shocks and vulnerabilities, is required for an effective response, while protecting pastoral livelihoods and food, income, and nutrition security.

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Section: Pastoral Food and Livelihood Security: Offsetting The Secondmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in pastoral contexts in the greater Horn of Africa: Implications and recommendations

et al. 2020

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“…Munir (72) reported that most epidemics in wild small ruminants appear to originate from nearby infected domestic sheep and goats and although there is no plausible evidence of self-sustaining PPRV infection in wild ruminant populations, the potential importance of wildlife in the epidemiology of the disease cannot be ignored. The endemicity of PPR therefore poses a threat, not only to the pastoralists and their livelihoods, but potentially also to the conservation of wildlife and endangered wild small ruminant species (24,52,73).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Current Status of Peste des Petits Ruminants Epidemiology in Small Ruminants in Tanzania

et al. 2020

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats with high mortality. The disease is of considerable economic importance in countries such as Tanzania, where small ruminant products are important for sustainable livelihoods. This review assesses current knowledge regarding the epidemiology of PPRV in Tanzania, highlighting the challenges with respect to control and suggesting possible interventions. Thirty-three articles were identified after literature searches using Google Scholar and PubMed. Studies revealed that PPRV is endemic in sheep and goats in Tanzania, although seropositivity has also been reported in cattle, camels, buffalo, Grant's gazelle, wildebeest and impala, but with no clinical manifestation. Three lineages (lineage II to IV) of PPRV have been identified in Tanzania, implying at least two separate introductions of the virus. Diagnosis of PPR in Tanzania is mostly by observation of clinical signs and lesions at post mortem. Risk factors in Tanzania include age, sex, species, and close contact of animals from different farms/localities. Although there is an efficacious vaccine available for PPR, poor disease surveillance, low vaccine coverage, and uncontrolled animal movements have been the bane of control efforts for PPR in Tanzania. There is need for collaborative efforts to develop interventions to control and eradicate the disease. The establishment of a national reference laboratory for PPR, conduct of surveillance, the development of high-quality DIVA vaccines, as well as execution of a carefully planned national vaccination campaign may be key to the control and subsequent eradication of PPR in Tanzania and achieving the global goal of eradicating PPR by 2030.

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“…Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), is a highly contagious, devastating viral disease of domestic and wild ruminants, primarily affecting goats and sheep [490,491]. Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a negative sense single stranded-RNA morbillivirus, of the family Paramyxoviridae, that is closely related to other members of the genus such as rinderpest, measles, and canine distemper [492].…”

Section: Peste Des Petits Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transboundary Animal Diseases, an Overview of 17 Diseases with Potential for Global Spread and Serious Consequences

Clemmons

Alfson

Dutton

2021

Animals

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Animals provide food and other critical resources to most of the global population. As such, diseases of animals can cause dire consequences, especially disease with high rates of morbidity or mortality. Transboundary animal diseases (TADs) are highly contagious or transmissible, epidemic diseases, with the potential to spread rapidly across the globe and the potential to cause substantial socioeconomic and public health consequences. Transboundary animal diseases can threaten the global food supply, reduce the availability of non-food animal products, or cause the loss of human productivity or life. Further, TADs result in socioeconomic consequences from costs of control or preventative measures, and from trade restrictions. A greater understanding of the transmission, spread, and pathogenesis of these diseases is required. Further work is also needed to improve the efficacy and cost of both diagnostics and vaccines. This review aims to give a broad overview of 17 TADs, providing researchers and veterinarians with a current, succinct resource of salient details regarding these significant diseases. For each disease, we provide a synopsis of the disease and its status, species and geographic areas affected, a summary of in vitro or in vivo research models, and when available, information regarding prevention or treatment.

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Eradicating the Scourge of Peste Des Petits Ruminants from the World

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

COVID-19 in pastoral contexts in the greater Horn of Africa: Implications and recommendations

COVID-19 in pastoral contexts in the greater Horn of Africa: Implications and recommendations

A Review of the Current Status of Peste des Petits Ruminants Epidemiology in Small Ruminants in Tanzania

Transboundary Animal Diseases, an Overview of 17 Diseases with Potential for Global Spread and Serious Consequences

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