“…[14][15][16][17] So, we have used this assumption for our modeling. On the basis of the linear piezoelectric and magnetostrictive constitutive equations, an ME laminated sensor can be represented by an equivalent circuit, 7,18,19 where the magneto-elastic coupling and elasto-electric coefficients are mimicked by an ideal transformer. Furthermore, the voltage or charge coefficients can be determined using the piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, elastic compliance, and permeability constants, and the relative volume factor of layers.…”