Equivalence principle and electromagnetic field: no birefringence, no dilaton, and no axion

Hehl, Friedrich W.; Obukhov, Yuri N.

doi:10.1007/s10714-007-0601-5

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The constraint (40) on the dilaton ψ is stringent. However, with an appropriate mass or potential, the interaction range for dilaton (Cho and Kim 2009;and references therein) With constraints from (i) no birefringence, (ii) no extra physical metric, (iii) no ψ ('dilaton'), we arrive at the theory (31) with χ ijkl given by (32), i. e., an axion theory (Ni 1983a(Ni , 1984aHehl and Obukhov 2008). The current constraints on φ from astrophysical observations and CMB polarization observations will be discussed in section 5.…”

Section: Constraints On One Physical Metric and Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Searches for the role of spin and polarization in gravity

2010

Rep. Prog. Phys.

126

191

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Spin is fundamental in physics. Gravitation is universal. Searches for the role of spin in gravitation dated before the firm establishment of the electron spin in 1925. Since mass and spin or helicity in the case of zero mass are the only invariants of the Poincaré group and mass participates in universal gravitation, these searches are natural steps to pursue. Here we review both the theoretical and experimental efforts in searching for the role of spin/polarization in gravitation. We discuss torsion, Poincaré gauge theories, teleparallel theories, metric-affine connection theories and pseudoscalar (axion) theories. We discuss laboratory searches for electron and nucleus spin-couplings ---the weak equivalence principle experiments for polarized-bodies, the finite-range spin-coupling experiments, the spin-spin coupling experiments and the cosmic-spin coupling experiments. The role played by angular momentum and rotation is explicitly discussed. We discuss astrophysical and cosmological searches for photon polarization coupling. Investigation in the implications and interrelations of equivalence principles led to a possible pseudoscalar or vector interaction, and led to the proposal of WEP II (Weak Equivalence Principle II) which include rotation in the universal free-fall motion. Evidences for WEP II are discussed and compiled.Cosmological searches for photon-polarization coupling test the possibility of violation of EEP and the existence of cosmic pseudoscalor/vector interaction and may reveal a potential influence to our presently-observed universe from a larger arena. In relativistic gravity, there is a Lense-Thirring frame-dragging on rotating body with angular momentum. In analog with gyromagnetic ratio in electromagnetism, one can define gyrogravitational ratio. A profound search for the role of spin in gravitation is to measure the gyrogravitational ratio of particles. This could lead us to probe and understand the microscopic origins of gravity. We discuss the strategies to perform such experiments. R. Acad. Sci., Paris 174 593 Cartan É 1923 Sur les variétés à connexion affine et la théorie de la relativitée généralisée I, Ann. Ec. Norm. Sup. 40, 325 Cartan É 1924 Sur les variétés à connexion affine et la théorie de la relativitée généralisée I (suite), Ann. Ec. Norm. Sup. 41 1 Cartan É 1925 Sur les variétés à connexion affine et la théorie de la relativitée généralisée II, Ann. Ec. Norm. Sup. 42 17 Carroll S M, Field G B and Jackiw R 1990 Limits on a Lorentz-and parity-violating modification of electrodynamics Phys. Rev. D 41 1231-1240 Carroll S M and Field G B 1991 Einstein equivalence principle and the polarization of radio galaxies A experiment to search for vacuum dichroism, pseudoscalar-photon interaction and millicharged fermions Mod. Phys. Lett. A 22 2815 [arXiv:hep-ex/0611050v1] Cheng H-C, Luty M A, Mukohyama and Thaler J 2006 Spontaneous Lorentz breaking at high energies J High Energy Phys. 0605 076 Cheng K-S and Ni W-T 1980 Conditions for the local existence of metric in a generic affine manifo...

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Section: Constraints On One Physical Metric and Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Searches for the role of spin and polarization in gravity

2010

Rep. Prog. Phys.

126

191

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“…For the nonlinear extensions of the premetric approach, see [23]. The non-local constitutive relations was considered recently in [22]. Recall that the physical space is considered as a bare manifold without metric or connection.…”

Section: Constitutive Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On light propagation in premetric electrodynamics: the covariant dispersion relation

Itin¹

2009

J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.

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The premetric approach to electrodynamics provides a unified description of a wide class of electromagnetic phenomena. In particular, it involves axion, dilaton and skewon modifications of the classical electrodynamics. This formalism emerges also when the non-minimal coupling between the electromagnetic tensor and the torsion of Einstein-Cartan gravity is considered. Moreover, the premetric formalism can serve as a general covariant background of the electromagnetic properties of anisotropic media. In the current paper, we study wave propagation in the premetric electrodynamics. We derive a system of characteristic equations corresponded to premetric generalization of the Maxwell equation. This singular system is characterized by the adjoint matrix which turns to be of a very special form -proportional to a scalar quartic factor. We prove that a necessary condition for existance a non-trivial solution of the characteristic system is expressed by a unique scalar dispersion relation. In the tangential (momentum) space, it determines a fourth order light hypersurface which replaces the ordinary light cone of the standard Maxwell theory. We derive an explicit form of the covariant dispersion relation and establish it's algebraic and physical origin.

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“…2), i.e., an axion theory. 51) The current constraints on ϕ from CMB polarization observations are listed in Table I …”

Section: One Physical Metric and No 'Dilaton' (ψ)mentioning

confidence: 99%

From Equivalence Principles to Cosmology: Cosmic Polarization Rotation, CMB Observation, Neutrino Number Asymmetry, Lorentz Invariance and CPT

2008

Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.

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In this paper, we review the approach leading to cosmic polarization rotation observation and present the current status with an outlook. In the study of the relations among equivalence principles, we found that long-range pseudoscalar-photon interaction is allowed. Pseudoscalar-photon interaction would induce a rotation of linear polarization of electromagnetic wave propagating with cosmological/astrophysical distance. In 2002, DASI successfully observed the polarization of the cosmological microwave background radiation. In 2003, WMAP observed the correlation of polarization with temperature anisotropy at more than 10 σ in the cosmological microwave background. From this high polarization-temperature correlation in WMAP observation, we put a limit of 0.1 rad on the rotation of linear polarization of cosmological microwave background (CMB) propagation. Pseudoscalar-photon interaction is proportional to the gradient of the pseudoscalar field. From a phenomenological point of view, this gradient could be neutrino number asymmetry current, other density current, or a constant vector. In these situations, Lorentz invariance or CPT may effectively be violated. In this paper, we review and compile various results. Better accuracy in CMB polarization observation is expected from PLANCK mission to be launched next year (2008). A dedicated CMB polarization observer in the future would probe this fundamental issue more deeply. * )

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Equivalence principle and electromagnetic field: no birefringence, no dilaton, and no axion

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Searches for the role of spin and polarization in gravity

Searches for the role of spin and polarization in gravity

On light propagation in premetric electrodynamics: the covariant dispersion relation

From Equivalence Principles to Cosmology: Cosmic Polarization Rotation, CMB Observation, Neutrino Number Asymmetry, Lorentz Invariance and CPT

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